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| Titel |
Black carbon, particle number concentration and nitrogen oxide emission factors of random in-use vehicles measured with the on-road chasing method |
| VerfasserIn |
I. Ježek, T. Katrašnik, D. Westerdahl, G. Mocnik |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 19 ; Nr. 15, no. 19 (2015-10-05), S.11011-11026 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120074
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-11011-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The chasing method was used in an on-road measurement campaign, and emission
factors (EF) of black carbon (BC), particle number (PN) and nitrogen oxides
(NOx) were determined for 139 individual vehicles of different types
encountered on the roads. The aggregated results provide EFs for BC,
NOx and PN for three vehicle categories: goods vehicles, gasoline and
diesel passenger cars. This is the first on-road measurement study where BC
EFs of numerous individual diesel cars were determined in real-world driving
conditions. We found good agreement between EFs of goods vehicles determined
in this campaign and the results of previous studies that used either
chasing or remote-sensing measurement techniques. The composition of the
sampled car fleet determined from the national vehicle registry information
is reflective of Eurostat statistical data on the Slovenian and European
vehicle fleet. The median BC EF of diesel and gasoline cars that were in use
for less than 5 years decreased by 60 and 47 % from those in use for
5–10 years, respectively; the median NOx and PN EFs of goods
vehicles that were in use for less than 5 years decreased from those in
use for 5–10 years by 52 and 67 %, respectively. Surprisingly, we
found an increase of BC EFs in the newer goods vehicle fleet compared to the 5–10-year old one. The influence of engine maximum power of the measured EFs
showed an increase in NOx EF from least to more powerful vehicles with
diesel engines. Finally, a disproportionate contribution of high emitters to
the total emissions of the measured fleet was found; the top 25 % of
emitting diesel cars contributed 63, 47 and 61 % of BC, NOx
and PN emissions respectively. With the combination of relatively simple
on-road measurements and sophisticated post processing, individual vehicle
EF can be determined and useful information about the fleet emissions can be
obtained by exactly representing vehicles which contribute disproportionally
to vehicle fleet emissions; and monitor how the numerous emission reduction
approaches are reflected in on-road driving conditions. |
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