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| Titel |
Greenhouse effects of aircraft emissions as calculated by a radiative transfer model |
| VerfasserIn |
J. P. F. Fortuin, R. Dorland, W. M. F. Wauben, H. Kelder |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
0992-7689
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Annales Geophysicae ; 13, no. 4 ; Nr. 13, no. 4, S.413-418 |
| Datensatznummer |
250011821
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/angeo-13-413-1995.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| With a radiative transfer model, assessments
are made of the radiative forcing in northern mid-latitudes due to aircraft
emissions up to 1990. Considered are the direct climate effects from the major
combustion products carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, water vapor and sulphur
dioxide, as well as the indirect effect of ozone production from NOx
emissions. Our study indicates a local radiative forcing at the tropopause which
should be negative in summer (–0.5 to 0.0 W/m2) and either negative
or positive in winter (–0.3 to 0.2 W/m2). To these values the
indirect effect of contrails has to be added, which for the North Atlantic
Flight Corridor covers the range –0.2 to 0.3 W/m2 in summer and 0.0
to 0.3 W/m2 in winter. Apart from optically dense non-aged contrails
during summer, negative forcings are due to solar screening by sulphate
aerosols. The major positive contributions come from contrails, stratospheric
water vapor in winter and ozone in summer. The direct effect of NO2
is negligible and the contribution of CO2 is relatively small. |
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