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Titel |
Two years monitoring of soil N2O emissions on durum wheat in a Mediterranean area: the effect of tillage intensity and N-fertilizer rate. |
VerfasserIn |
Iride Volpi, Simona Bosco, Federico Triana, Nicoletta Nassi o Di Nasso, Patricia Laville, Giorgio Virgili, Enrico Bonari |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2016
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
en
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 18 (2016) |
Datensatznummer |
250127133
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Publikation (Nr.) |
EGU/EGU2016-6970.pdf |
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Zusammenfassung |
Evaluating the magnitude and the key factors affecting N2O emissions from agriculture has a
scientific and practical relevance, in fact emissions from agricultural and natural soils account
for 56-70% of all global N2O sources (Syakila and Kroeze, 2011). Moreover, the necessity to
increase the food production rate minimizing greenhouse gas emissions require a deeper
understanding of the effect of the agricultural practices on direct soil emissions. Therefore,
the aim of this work is to assess the effect of tillage intensity and nitrogen rate on soil N2O
emissions on durum wheat.
A two years monitoring campaign was carried out using a high-sensibility transportable
instrument developed within the LIFE+ "Improved flux Prototypes for N2O emission from
Agriculture" IPNOA project (Bosco et al., 2015; Laville et al., 2015). The project aims at
improving the measurement technique of N2O flux directly in field using the flow-through
non-steady state chamber technique. The monitoring campaign on durum wheat
lasted for two growing seasons and two fallow periods (2013-14 and 2014-15).
Treatment on the main plot was tillage intensity with two levels, ploughing and
minimum tillage, and three different nitrogen rates were distributed to the subplots
(N0: 0 kg ha−1, N1: 110 kg ha−1, N2: 170 kg ha−1). Ancillary measurements
concerned meteorological data, soil temperature and moisture, NO3−, NH4+ soil
concentration.
Main results of the two years highlighted N rate as the main driver for both
N2O daily flux and cumulative emissions during the growing season, while in the
fallow period treatments did not affect the emission magnitude. Tillage intensity was
not a key factor for N2O emissions. N2O emissions were significantly different
in the two years. In particular, cumulative emissions of 2013-14 were about five
times higher than in 2014-15, respectively on average 2885±260 g N-N2O ha−1
and 534±53 g N-N2O ha−1 for a similar monitoring period of about 300 days.
Differences could be partially attributed to a huge difference in the rainfall amount during
the two growing seasons, equal to 810 mm in the 2013-14 growing season and
441 mm in 2014-15. Emission factors for each N rate was calculated through the
whole monitoring period and resulted to be in the range of 0.5-0.9% in 2013-14,
while between 0.2-0.3% in 2014-15, considerably lower than the IPCC Tier 1 EF
(1%).
References:
Bosco S., Volpi I., Nassi o Di Nasso N., Triana F., Roncucci N., Tozzini C.,
Villani R., Laville P., Mattei F., Virgili G., Nuvoli S., Fabbrini L., Bonari E., 2015.
LIFE+IPNOA mobile prototype for the monitoring of soil N2O emissions from arable
crops: first year results on durum wheat. Italian Journal of Agronomy Vol 10:669, pp
124-131.
Laville P., Neri S., Continanza D., Ferrante Vero L., Bosco S., Virgili G., 2015.
Cross-Validation of a mobile N2O flux prototype (IPNOA) using Micrometeorological and
Chamber methods. Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 9 (2015) 375-385.
Syakila A, Kroeze C., 2011. The global nitrogen budget revisited. Greenhouse Gas Meas.
Manage. 1, 17–26. |
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