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| Titel |
Air quality in Delhi during the Commonwealth Games |
| VerfasserIn |
P. Marrapu, Y. Cheng, G. Beig, S. Sahu, R. Srinivas, G. R. Carmichael |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 14, no. 19 ; Nr. 14, no. 19 (2014-10-09), S.10619-10630 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119087
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-14-10619-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
Air quality during the Commonwealth Games (CWG, held in Delhi in October
2010) is analyzed using a new air quality forecasting system established for
the games. The CWG stimulated enhanced efforts to monitor and model air
quality in the region. The air quality of Delhi during the CWG had high
levels of particles with mean values of PM2.5 and PM10 at the
venues of 111 and 238 μg m−3, respectively.
Black carbon (BC) accounted for ~ 10% of the
PM2.5 mass. It is shown that BC, PM2.5 and PM10
concentrations are well predicted, but with positive biases of
~ 25%. The diurnal variations are also well captured, with
both the observations and the modeled values showing nighttime maxima and
daytime minima. A new emissions inventory, developed as part of this air
quality forecasting initiative, is evaluated by comparing the observed and
predicted species-species correlations (i.e., BC : CO; BC : PM2.5;
PM2.5 : PM10). Assuming that the observations at these sites are
representative and that all the model errors are associated with the emissions,
then the modeled concentrations and slopes can be made consistent by scaling
the emissions by 0.6 for NOx, 2 for CO, and 0.7 for BC, PM2.5, and PM10. The emission estimates for particles are remarkably good
considering the uncertainty in the estimates due to the diverse spread of
activities and technologies that take place in Delhi and the rapid rates of
change.
The contribution of various emission sectors including transportation,
power, domestic and industry to surface concentrations are also estimated.
Transport, domestic and industrial sectors all make significant
contributions to PM levels in Delhi, and the sectoral contributions vary
spatially within the city. Ozone levels in Delhi are elevated, with hourly
values sometimes exceeding 100 ppb. The continued growth of the transport
sector is expected to make ozone pollution a more pressing air pollution
problem in Delhi. The sector analysis provides useful inputs into the design
of strategies to reduce air pollution levels in Delhi. The contribution for
sources outside of Delhi on Delhi air quality range from ~ 25% for BC and PM to ~ 60% for day time ozone. The
significant contributions from non-Delhi sources indicates that in Delhi (as
has been show elsewhere) these strategies will also need a more regional
perspective. |
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