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| Titel |
Environmental change impacts on the C- and N-cycle of European forests: a model comparison study |
| VerfasserIn |
D. R. Cameron, M. Oijen, C. Werner, K. Butterbach-Bahl, R. Grote, E. Haas, G. B. M. Heuvelink, R. Kiese, J. Kros, M. Kuhnert, A. Leip, G. J. Reinds, H. I. Reuter, M. J. Schelhaas, W. Vries, J. Yeluripati |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 10, no. 3 ; Nr. 10, no. 3 (2013-03-14), S.1751-1773 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018153
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-10-1751-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Forests are important components of the greenhouse gas balance of Europe.
There is considerable uncertainty about how predicted changes to climate and
nitrogen deposition will perturb the carbon and nitrogen cycles of European
forests and thereby alter forest growth, carbon sequestration and N2O
emission. The present study aimed to quantify the carbon and nitrogen
balance, including the exchange of greenhouse gases, of European forests over
the period 2010–2030, with a particular emphasis on the spatial variability
of change. The analysis was carried out for two tree species: European beech
and Scots pine. For this purpose, four different dynamic models were used:
BASFOR, DailyDayCent, INTEGRATOR and Landscape-DNDC. These models span a
range from semi-empirical to complex mechanistic. Comparison of these models
allowed assessment of the extent to which model predictions depended on
differences in model inputs and structure. We found a European average carbon
sink of 0.160 ± 0.020 kgC m−2 yr−1 (pine) and
0.138 ± 0.062 kgC m−2 yr−1 (beech) and N2O source of
0.285 ± 0.125 kgN ha−1 yr−1 (pine) and
0.575 ± 0.105 kgN ha−1 yr−1 (beech). The European average
greenhouse gas potential of the carbon sink was 18 (pine) and 8 (beech) times
that of the N2O source. Carbon sequestration was larger in the trees than
in the soil. Carbon sequestration and forest growth were largest in central
Europe and lowest in northern Sweden and Finland, N. Poland and S. Spain. No
single driver was found to dominate change across Europe. Forests were found
to be most sensitive to change in environmental drivers where the drivers
were limiting growth, where changes were particularly large or where changes
acted in concert. The models disagreed as to which environmental changes were
most significant for the geographical variation in forest growth and as to
which tree species showed the largest rate of carbon sequestration. Pine and
beech forests were found to have differing sensitivities to environmental
change, in particular the response to changes in nitrogen and precipitation,
with beech forest more vulnerable to drought. There was considerable
uncertainty about the geographical location of N2O emissions. Two of the
models BASFOR and LandscapeDNDC had largest emissions in central Europe where
nitrogen deposition and soil nitrogen were largest, whereas the two other
models identified different regions with large N2O emission. N2O
emissions were found to be larger from beech than pine forests and were found
to be particularly sensitive to forest growth. |
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