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| Titel |
Inundation and groundwater dynamics for quantification of evaporative water loss in tropical wetlands |
| VerfasserIn |
J. Schwerdtfeger, M. S. Johnson, E. G. Couto, R. S. S. Amorim, L. Sanches, J. H. Campelo, M. Weiler |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 11 ; Nr. 18, no. 11 (2014-11-05), S.4407-4422 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120519
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-4407-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Characterizing hydrological processes within tropical wetlands is
challenging due to their remoteness, complexity and heterogeneity. In
particular, estimates of evaporative water loss are inherently uncertain. In
view of the large influence on the local and regional climate, the
quantification of evaporation is essential for the determination of the
water balance of permanent and intermittent water bodies. Data for tropical
wetlands are scarce where their remoteness impedes direct evaporation
measurements. Seasonal inundation dynamics affect evaporation processes in
tropical wetlands, which can be analysed in two stages: the first stage
during the wet season and the second stage during the dry season. As yet no
adequate method exists for determining second-stage evaporation in a data-scarce environment that additionally allows for a transfer of simulated actual
evaporation (AET)
to other locations. Our study aimed at developing a process-based model to
simulate first- and second-stage evaporation in tropical wetlands. We
selected a set of empirical potential evaporation (PET) models of varying
complexity, each based on different assumptions and available data sets, and
evaluated the models with pan evaporation observations in the Pantanal of
South America, one of the largest tropical wetlands in the world. We used
high-resolution measurements of surface and groundwater levels at different
locations to determine the water available for evaporation. AET was derived by constraining simulated PET based on
available water. The model of best fit was applied to different types of
water bodies with varying hydroperiods to capture first- and second-stage
evaporation across a range of wetland types. With our new model we could
quantify evaporative water loss in the dry and the wet season for different
locations in the Pantanal. This new spatially explicit approach represents
an improvement in our understanding of the role of evaporation in the water
balance of the Pantanal. We recommend the application of this model in other
remote tropical wetlands, since only a minimum of input data is necessary. |
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