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| Titel |
Remote sensing of glacier- and permafrost-related hazards in high mountains: an overview |
| VerfasserIn |
A. Kääb, C. Huggel, L. Fischer, S. Guex, F. Paul, I. Roer, N. Salzmann, S. Schlaefli, K. Schmutz, D. Schneider, T. Strozzi, Y. Weidmann |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 5, no. 4 ; Nr. 5, no. 4 (2005-07-29), S.527-554 |
| Datensatznummer |
250002649
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-5-527-2005.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Process interactions and chain reactions, the present shift of cryospheric
hazard zones due to atmospheric warming, and the potential far reach of
glacier disasters make it necessary to apply modern remote sensing
techniques for the assessment of glacier and permafrost hazards in
high-mountains. Typically, related hazard source areas are situated in
remote regions, often difficult to access for physical and/or political
reasons. In this contribution we provide an overview of air- and spaceborne
remote sensing methods suitable for glacier and permafrost hazard assessment
and disaster management. A number of image classification and change
detection techniques support high-mountain hazard studies. Digital terrain
models (DTMs), derived from optical stereo data, synthetic aperture radar or
laserscanning, represent one of the most important data sets for
investigating high-mountain processes. Fusion of satellite stereo-derived
DTMs with the DTM from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) is a
promising way to combine the advantages of both technologies. Large changes
in terrain volume such as from avalanche deposits can indeed be measured
even by repeat satellite DTMs. Multitemporal data can be used to derive
surface displacements on glaciers, permafrost and landslides. Combining
DTMs, results from spectral image classification, and multitemporal data
from change detection and displacement measurements significantly improves
the detection of hazard potentials. Modelling of hazardous processes based
on geographic information systems (GIS) complements the remote sensing
analyses towards an integrated assessment of glacier and permafrost hazards
in mountains. Major present limitations in the application of remote sensing
to glacier and permafrost hazards in mountains are, on the one hand, of
technical nature (e.g. combination and fusion of different methods and data;
improved understanding of microwave backscatter). On the other hand, better
dissemination of remote sensing expertise towards institutions involved in
high-mountain hazard assessment and management is needed in order to exploit
the large potential of remote sensing in this field. |
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