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| Titel |
Using a moving measurement platform for determining the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols between Moscow and Vladivostok |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Kuokka, K. Teinilä, K. Saarnio, M. Aurela, M. Sillanpää, R. Hillamo, V.-M. Kerminen, K. Pyy, E. Vartiainen, M. Kulmala  , A. I. Skorokhod, N. F. Elansky, I. B. Belikov |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 7, no. 18 ; Nr. 7, no. 18 (2007-09-21), S.4793-4805 |
| Datensatznummer |
250005198
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-7-4793-2007.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The TROICA-9 expedition (Trans-Siberian
Observations Into the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) was carried out at the
Trans-Siberian railway between Moscow and Vladivostok in October 2005.
Measurements of aerosol physical and chemical properties were made from an
observatory carriage connected to a passenger train. Black carbon (BC)
concentrations in fine particles (PM2.5, aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) were
measured with an aethalometer using a five-minute time
resolution. Concentrations of inorganic ions and some organic compounds
(Cl−, NO3−, SO42−,
Na+, NH4+,
K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, oxalate and methane sulphonate) were measured
continuously by using an on-line system with a 15-min time resolution. In
addition, particle volume size distributions were determined for particles
in the diameter range 3–850 nm using a 10-min time resolution. The
continuous measurements were completed with 24-h PM2.5 filter
samples stored in a refrigerator and analyzed later in a chemical
laboratory. The analyses included the mass concentrations of PM2.5,
ions, monosaccharide anhydrides (levoglucosan, galactosan and mannosan) and
trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V and Zn). The
mass concentrations of PM2.5 varied in the range of 4.3–34.8 μg
m−3 with an average of 21.6 μg m−3. Fine particle mass
consisted mainly of BC (average 27.6%), SO42− (13.0%),
NH4+ (4.1%) and NO3− (1.4%). One of the major
constituents was obviously organic carbon which was not determined. The
contribution of BC was high compared with other studies made in Europe and
Asia. High concentrations of ions, BC and particle volume were observed
between Moscow and roughly 4000 km east of it, as well as close to
Vladivostok, primarily due to local anthropogenic sources. In the natural
background area between 4000 and 7200 km away from Moscow, observed
concentrations were low, even though local particle sources, such as forest
fires, occasionally increased concentrations. During the measured forest
fire episodes, most of the aerosol mass appeared to consist of organic
particulate matter. Concentrations of the biomass burning tracers
levoglucosan, oxalate and potassium were elevated close to the forest fire
areas observed by the MODIS satellite. The polluted air masses from Asia
seem to have significant influences on the concentration levels of fine
particles over south-eastern Russia. |
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