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| Titel |
A modelling system for the exhaust emissions of marine traffic and its application in the Baltic Sea area |
| VerfasserIn |
J.-P. Jalkanen, A. Brink, J. Kalli, H. Pettersson, J. Kukkonen, T. Stipa |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 9, no. 23 ; Nr. 9, no. 23 (2009-12-07), S.9209-9223 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007787
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-9-9209-2009.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| A method is presented for the evaluation of the exhaust
emissions of marine traffic, based on the messages provided by the Automatic
Identification System (AIS), which enable the identification and location
determination of ships. The use of the AIS data facilitates the positioning
of ship emissions with a high spatial resolution, which is limited only by
the inaccuracies of the Global Positioning System (typically a few metres)
that is used in vessel navigation. The emissions are computed based on the
relationship of the instantaneous speed to the design speed, and the
detailed technical information of the engines of the ships. The modelling of
emissions is also based on a few basic principles of ship design, including
the modelling of the propelling power of each vessel in terms of its speed.
We have investigated the effect of waves on the consumption of fuel, and on
the emissions to the atmosphere. The predictions of fuel consumption were
compared with the actual values obtained from the shipowners. For a Roll on
– Roll off cargo/passenger ship (RoPax), the predicted and reported values
of annual fuel consumption agreed within an accuracy of 6%. According to
the data analysis and model computations, the emissions of NOx,
SOx and CO2 originating from ships in the Baltic Sea during the
full calendar year of 2007 were in total 400 kt, 138 kt and 19 Mt,
respectively. A breakdown of emissions by flag state, the type of ship and
the year of construction is also presented. The modelling system can be used
as a decision support tool in the case of issues concerning, e.g., the
health effects caused by shipping emissions or the construction of
emission-based fairway dues systems or emissions trading. The computation of
emissions can be automated, which will save resources in constructing
emission inventories. Both the methodologies and the emission computation
program can be applied in any sea region in the world, provided that the AIS
data from that specific region are available. |
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