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Titel |
The role of microorganisms in the formation of a stalactite in Botovskaya Cave, Siberia – paleoenvironmental implications |
VerfasserIn |
M. Pacton, S. F. M. Breitenbach, F. A. Lechleitner, A. Vaks, C. Rollion-Bard, O. S. Gutareva, A. V. Osintcev, C. Vasconcelos |
Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
Englisch
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ISSN |
1726-4170
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Digitales Dokument |
URL |
Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 10, no. 9 ; Nr. 10, no. 9 (2013-09-27), S.6115-6130 |
Datensatznummer |
250085340
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Publikation (Nr.) |
copernicus.org/bg-10-6115-2013.pdf |
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Zusammenfassung |
Calcitic speleothems in caves can form through abiogenic or biogenic
processes, or through a combination of both. Many issues conspire to make
the assessment of biogenicity difficult, especially when focusing on old
speleothem deposits. This study reports on a multiproxy analysis of a Siberian
stalactite, combining high-resolution microscopy, isotope geochemistry and
microbially enhanced mineral precipitation laboratory experiments.
The contact between growth layers in a stalactite exhibits a biogenic
isotopic signature; coupled with morphological evidence, this supports a
microbial origin of calcite crystals. SIMS δ13C data suggest that
microbially mediated speleothem formation occurred repeatedly at short
intervals before abiotic precipitation took over. The studied stalactite also
contains iron and manganese oxides that have been mediated by microbial
activity through extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)-influenced
organomineralization processes. The latter reflect paleoenvironmental
changes that occurred more than 500 000 yr ago, possibly related to the
presence of a peat bog above the cave at that time.
Microbial activity can initiate calcite deposition in the aphotic zone of
caves before inorganic precipitation of speleothem carbonates. This study
highlights the importance of microbially induced fractionation that can
result in large negative δ13C excursions. The microscale
biogeochemical processes imply that microbial activity has only negligible
effects on the bulk δ13C signature in speleothems, which is
more strongly affected by CO2 degassing and the host rock signature. |
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