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| Titel |
Modelling the role of fires in the terrestrial carbon balance by incorporating SPITFIRE into the global vegetation model ORCHIDEE – Part 1: simulating historical global burned area and fire regimes |
| VerfasserIn |
C. Yue, P. Ciais, P. Cadule, K. Thonicke, S. Archibald, B. Poulter, W. M. Hao, S. Hantson, F. Mouillot, P. Friedlingstein, F. Maignan, N. Viovy |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1991-959X
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Geoscientific Model Development ; 7, no. 6 ; Nr. 7, no. 6 (2014-11-21), S.2747-2767 |
| Datensatznummer |
250115783
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/gmd-7-2747-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Fire is an important global ecological process that influences the
distribution of biomes, with consequences for carbon, water, and energy
budgets. Therefore it is impossible to appropriately model the history and
future of the terrestrial ecosystems and the climate system without
including fire. This study incorporates the process-based prognostic fire
module SPITFIRE into the global vegetation model ORCHIDEE, which was then used to simulate burned area over the 20th century. Special attention was
paid to the evaluation of other fire regime indicators such as seasonality,
fire size and fire length, next to burned area. For 2001–2006, the
simulated global spatial extent of fire agrees well with that given by
satellite-derived burned area data sets (L3JRC, GLOBCARBON, GFED3.1), and
76–92% of the global burned area is simulated as collocated between the
model and observation, depending on which data set is used for comparison.
The simulated global mean annual burned area is 346 Mha yr−1, which
falls within the range of 287–384 Mha yr−1 as given by the three
observation data sets; and is close to the 344 Mha yr−1 by the GFED3.1
data when crop fires are excluded. The simulated long-term trend and
variation of burned area agree best with the observation data in regions
where fire is mainly driven by climate variation, such as boreal Russia
(1930–2009), along with Canada and US Alaska (1950–2009). At the global scale,
the simulated decadal fire variation over the 20th century is only in
moderate agreement with the historical reconstruction, possibly because of
the uncertainties of past estimates, and because land-use change fires and
fire suppression are not explicitly included in the model. Over the globe,
the size of large fires (the 95th quantile fire size) is underestimated by
the model for the regions of high fire frequency, compared with fire patch
data as reconstructed from MODIS 500 m burned area data. Two case studies of
fire size distribution in Canada and US Alaska, and southern Africa
indicate that both number and size of large fires are underestimated, which
could be related with short fire patch length and low daily fire size.
Future efforts should be directed towards building consistent spatial
observation data sets for key parameters of the model in order to constrain
the model error at each key step of the fire modelling. |
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