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| Titel |
Hydrologic landscape classification evaluates streamflow vulnerability to climate change in Oregon, USA |
| VerfasserIn |
S. G. Leibowitz, R. L. Comeleo, P. J. Jr. Wigington, C. P. Weaver, P. E. Morefield, E. A. Sproles, J. L. Ebersole |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 9 ; Nr. 18, no. 9 (2014-09-05), S.3367-3392 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120456
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-3367-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Classification can allow for evaluations of the hydrologic functions of
landscapes and their responses to stressors. Here we demonstrate the use of
a hydrologic landscape (HL) approach to evaluate vulnerability to potential
future climate change at statewide and basin scales in the state of Oregon.
The HL classification has five components: climate, seasonality, aquifer
permeability, terrain, and soil permeability. We evaluate changes when the
1971–2000 HL climate indices are recalculated using 2041–2070 simulation
results from the ECHAM (European
Centre HAMburg) and PCM (Parallel Climate Model) climate models with the A2, A1b, and B1
emission scenarios. Changes in climate class were modest (4–18%)
statewide. However, there were major changes in seasonality class for five
of the six realizations (excluding PCM_B1): Oregon shifts
from being 13% snow-dominated to 4–6% snow-dominated under these five
realizations, representing a 56–68% reduction in snowmelt-dominated area.
At the basin scale, simulated changes for the Siletz Basin, in Oregon's
Coast Range, include a small switch from very wet to wet climate, with no
change in seasonality. However, there is a modest increase in fall and
winter water due to increased precipitation. For the Sandy Basin, on the
western slope of the Cascades, HL climate class does not change, but there
are major changes in seasonality, especially for areas with low aquifer
permeability, which experiences a 100% loss of spring seasonality. This
would reduce summer baseflow, but effects could potentially be mitigated by
streamflow buffering effects provided by groundwater in the high aquifer
permeability portions of the upper Sandy. The Middle Fork John Day Basin
(MFJD), in northeastern Oregon, is snowmelt-dominated. The basin experiences
a net loss of wet and moist climate area, along with an increase in dry
climate area. The MFJD also experiences major shifts from spring to winter
seasonality, representing a 20–60% reduction in snowmelt-dominated area.
Altered seasonality and/or magnitude of seasonal streamflows could
potentially affect survival, growth and reproduction of salmonids in these
watersheds, with the greatest effects projected for the MFJD. A major strength
of the HL approach is that results can be applied to similarly classified,
ungaged basins. Information resulting from such evaluations can help inform
management responses to climate change at regional and basin scales without
requiring detailed modeling efforts. |
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