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| Titel |
Influence of oil and gas field operations on spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbons and their effect on ozone formation in winter |
| VerfasserIn |
R. A. Field, J. Soltis, M. C. McCarthy, S. Murphy, D. C. Montague |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 6 ; Nr. 15, no. 6 (2015-03-31), S.3527-3542 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119587
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-3527-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Emissions from oil and natural gas development during winter in the Upper
Green River basin of Wyoming are known to drive episodic ozone (O3)
production. Contrasting O3 distributions were observed in the winters of
2011 and 2012, with numerous episodes (hourly O3 ≥ 85 ppbv) in
2011 compared to none in 2012. The lack of O3 episodes in 2012 coincided
with a reduction in measured ambient levels of total non-methane hydrocarbons
(NMHC). Measurements of speciated NMHC, and other air quality parameters,
were performed to better understand emission sources and to determine which
compounds are most active in promoting O3 formation. Positive matrix
factorization (PMF) analyses of the data were carried out to help achieve
these goals. PMF analyses revealed three contributing factors that were
identified with different emission source types: factor 1,
combustion/traffic; factor 2, fugitive natural gas; and factor 3, fugitive
condensate. Compositional signatures of the three contributing factors were
identified through comparison with independently derived emission source
profiles. Fugitive emissions of natural gas and of condensate were the two
principal emission source types for NMHC. A water treatment and recycling
facility was found to be a significant source of NMHC that are abundant in
condensate, in particular toluene and m+p-xylene. Emissions from water
treatment have an influence upon peak O3 mixing ratios at downwind
measurement sites. |
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