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Titel |
Agroecosystem productivity in a warmer and CO2 enriched atmosphere |
VerfasserIn |
Carl Bernacchi, Iris Köhler, Donald Ort, Steven Long, Thomas Clemente |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2017
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
en
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 19 (2017) |
Datensatznummer |
250145449
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Publikation (Nr.) |
EGU/EGU2017-9391.pdf |
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Zusammenfassung |
A number of in-field manipulative experiments have been conducted that address the
response of key ecosystem services of major agronomic species to rising CO2. Global
warming, however, is inextricably linked to rising greenhouse gases in general, of which CO2
is the most dominant. Therefore, agroecosystem functioning in future conditions requires an
understanding of plant responses to both rising CO2 and increased temperatures. Few in-field
manipulative experiments have been conducted that supplement both heating and CO2 above
background concentrations. Here, the results of six years of experimentation using a
coupled Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology with variable output infrared
heating arrays are reported. The manipulative experiment increased temperatures (+
3.5˚ C) and CO2 (+ 200 μmol mol−1) above background levels for on two major
agronomic crop species grown throughout the world, Zea mays (maize) and Glycine max
(soybean). The first phase of this research addresses the response of plant physiological
parameters to growth in elevated CO2 and warmer temperatures for maize and soybean
grown in an open-air manipulative experiment. The results show that any increase in
ecosystem productivity associated with rising CO2 is either similar or is offset by
growth at higher temperatures, inconsistent with the perceived benefits of higher CO2
plus warmer temperatures on agroecosystem productivity. The second phase of
this research addresses the opportunity to genetically modify soybean to allow for
improved productivity under high CO2 and warmer temperatures by increasing a
key photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle enzyme, SPBase. The results from this
research demonstrates that manipulation of the photosynthetic pathway can lead to
higher productivity in high CO2 and temperature relative to the wild-type control
soybean. Overall, this research advances the understanding of the physiological
responses of two major crops, and the impact on ecosystem services, to atmospheric
conditions with the ultimate goals of better understanding agronomic responses to
global change and improved representation of these processes in ecosystem models. |
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