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| Titel |
Evaluations of NOx and highly reactive VOC emission inventories in Texas and their implications for ozone plume simulations during the Texas Air Quality Study 2006 |
| VerfasserIn |
S.-W. Kim, S. A. McKeen, G. J. Frost, S.-H. Lee, M. Trainer, A. Richter, W. M. Angevine, E. Atlas, L. Bianco, K. F. Boersma, J. Brioude, J. P. Burrows, J. Gouw, A. Fried, J. Gleason, A. Hilboll, J. Mellqvist, J. Peischl, D. Richter, C. Rivera, T. Ryerson, S. Lintel Hekkert, J. Walega, C. Warneke, P. Weibring, E. Williams |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 11, no. 22 ; Nr. 11, no. 22 (2011-11-16), S.11361-11386 |
| Datensatznummer |
250010192
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-11-11361-2011.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Satellite and aircraft observations made during the 2006 Texas Air Quality
Study (TexAQS) detected strong urban, industrial and power plant plumes in
Texas. We simulated these plumes using the Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry
(WRF-Chem) model with input from the US EPA's 2005 National
Emission Inventory (NEI-2005), in order to evaluate emissions of nitrogen
oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in
the cities of Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth. We compared the model results
with satellite retrievals of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
columns and airborne in-situ observations of several trace gases including
NOx and a number of VOCs. The model and satellite NO2 columns
agree well for regions with large power plants and for urban areas that are
dominated by mobile sources, such as Dallas. However, in Houston, where
significant mobile, industrial, and in-port marine vessel sources contribute
to NOx emissions, the model NO2 columns are approximately
50%–70% higher than the satellite columns. Similar conclusions are
drawn from comparisons of the model results with the TexAQS 2006 aircraft
observations in Dallas and Houston. For Dallas plumes, the model-simulated
NO2 showed good agreement with the aircraft observations. In contrast,
the model-simulated NO2 is ~60% higher than the aircraft
observations in the Houston plumes. Further analysis indicates that the
NEI-2005 NOx emissions over the Houston Ship Channel area are
overestimated while the urban Houston NOx emissions are reasonably
represented. The comparisons of model and aircraft observations confirm that
highly reactive VOC emissions originating from industrial sources in Houston
are underestimated in NEI-2005. The update of VOC emissions based on Solar
Occultation Flux measurements during the field campaign leads to improved
model simulations of ethylene, propylene, and formaldehyde. Reducing
NOx emissions in the Houston Ship Channel and increasing highly
reactive VOC emissions from the point sources in Houston improve the model's
capability of simulating ozone (O3) plumes observed by the NOAA WP-3D
aircraft, although the deficiencies in the model O3 simulations
indicate that many challenges remain for a full understanding of the O3 formation mechanisms in Houston. |
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