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| Titel |
Abundance and distribution of gaseous ammonia and particulate ammonium at Delhi, India |
| VerfasserIn |
S. Singh, U. C. Kulshrestha |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 9, no. 12 ; Nr. 9, no. 12 (2012-12-07), S.5023-5029 |
| Datensatznummer |
250007454
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-9-5023-2012.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| This study reports abundance and distribution of gaseous NH3 and
particulate NH4+ at Delhi. Gaseous NH3 and particulate
NH4+ concentrations were measured during pre-monsoon, monsoon and
post-monsoon seasons of the years 2010 and 2011. Average concentrations of
gaseous NH3 during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons were
recorded as 26.4, 33.2 and 32.5 μg m−3, respectively. Gaseous
NH3 concentrations were the highest during monsoon, thought to be due to
decay and decomposition of plants and other biogenic material under wet
conditions, leading to increased NH3 emission. The results showed that
particulate NH4+ was always lower than the gaseous NH3 during
all the seasons. The concentrations of particulate NH4+ were recorded
as 11.6, 22.9 and 8.5 μg m−3 during pre-monsoon, monsoon and
post-monsoon seasons, respectively. The percent fraction of particulate
NH4+ was noticed to be highest during the monsoon season, which is
attributed to increased humidity levels favouring partitioning into the
aerosol phase. On an average, 33.3% of total N-NHx was present
as particulate NH4+. Higher concentrations of NH3 noticed during
night time may be due to stable atmospheric conditions. The study highlighted
that, as compared with rural sites, urban sites showed higher concentrations
of gaseous NH3 in India, which may be due to higher population density,
human activities and poor sanitation arrangements. |
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