 |
| Titel |
Climate change, forest management and nitrogen deposition influence on carbon sequestration in forest ecosystems in Russia: simulation modelling approach |
| VerfasserIn |
Alexander Komarov, Valery Kudeyarov, Vladimir Shanin |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2014
|
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 16 (2014) |
| Datensatznummer |
250093400
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2014-8085.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
| Russian land ecosystems occupy more than 1/9th global land area. Therefore its carbon
budget is an essential contribution to the global carbon budget. The first rough estimate of
carbon balance on Russian territory was made on comparison data on total soil
respiration (Kudeyarov et. al., 1995) and NPP calculated on data on biological
productivity of different ecosystems over Russia. The carbon balance was evaluated as a
C-sink. Further estimates of Russian C budget by V.Kudeyarov et al., (2007) and
I.Kurganova et al., (2010) were more correct and included soil microbial flux, and
non-respiratory processes: fossil fuel, agriculture, forest fires and post-fire emissions, insect
damage, etc. According to estimates the total C-sink of Russian territory for early
nineties was about -0.8-1.0 Pg C per year. The later IIASA account developed by
A.Shvidenko et al. (2010) has provided current estimates of C fluxes and storages in
Russia and showed that its terrestrial ecosystems served as a net carbon sink of
-0.5-0.7 PgC yr-1 during the last decade. Taking into account big uncertainties of
determination of carbon balance constituents one can say that results by IIASA and
our Institute are rather close. Resulting effect of two processes (sequestration and
CO2 emission) can be analysed by mathematical modelling only. Corresponding
system of models of organic matter dynamics in forest ecosystems EFIMOD was
developed in our Institute last decade and applied in Russia and other countries
for evaluation of impacts of climate changes, forest management and forest fires.
The comparative simulations of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in the mixed forest
ecosystems of Central Russia from different climatic zones and site conditions have been
made. Three large forest areas with the total square of about 17,000 km2 distinct in
environmental conditions were chosen. We used the data of the forest inventory for model
initialization. Four simulation scenarios (without disturbances, with forest fires,
with selective cuttings and with clear cuttings) coupled with two climatic ones
(stable climate and the scenario of climate change) were applied. Additionally,
simulations were carried out at different levels on nitrogen deposition. The main
sources of uncertainties were analyzed using Monte-Carlo procedure. Modelling
showed that the most carbon accumulation was observed under natural development
scenario. Fires resulted in significant losses in soil organic matter and tree biomass
throughout direct and indirect carbon dioxide emissions. Other scenarios showed
decrease in carbon pools, the most in scenario with clear cuttings due to timber
removal and burning of felling residues. Increased nitrogen deposition from the
atmosphere resulted in increased growth rate of trees and, therefore, in increased
litter flow. Higher nitrogen content in litter had an additional positive effect on
mineralization rate. Climate change also accelerated the decomposition processes in soil
and led to the increased carbon dioxide emission. The increased income of plant
residues to soil resulted in increased soil organic matter content in mineral soil.
Conversely, climate change led to the decrease of organic matter content in organic
soil horizons. The net effect of these processes is the increase in total soil organic
matter. |
|
|
|
|
|
|