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| Titel |
A fluid-mechanics based classification scheme for surface transient storage in riverine environments: quantitatively separating surface from hyporheic transient storage |
| VerfasserIn |
T. R. Jackson, R. Haggerty, S. V. Apte |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 17, no. 7 ; Nr. 17, no. 7 (2013-07-15), S.2747-2779 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018935
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-17-2747-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Surface transient storage (STS) and hyporheic transient storage (HTS) have
functional significance in stream ecology and hydrology. Currently, tracer
techniques couple STS and HTS effects on stream nutrient cycling; however,
STS resides in localized areas of the surface stream and HTS resides in the
hyporheic zone. These contrasting environments result in different storage
and exchange mechanisms with the surface stream, which can yield contrasting
results when comparing transient storage effects among morphologically
diverse streams. We propose a fluid mechanics approach to quantitatively
separate STS from HTS that involves classifying and studying different types
of STS. As a starting point, a classification scheme is needed. This paper
introduces a classification scheme that categorizes different STS in
riverine systems based on their flow structure. Eight STS types are
identified and some are subcategorized based on characteristic mean flow
structure: (1) lateral cavities (emergent and submerged); (2) protruding
in-channel flow obstructions (backward- and forward-facing step);
(3) isolated in-channel flow obstructions (emergent and submerged); (4) cascades
and riffles; (5) aquatic vegetation (emergent and submerged); (6) pools
(vertically submerged cavity, closed cavity, and recirculating reservoir);
(7) meander bends; and (8) confluence of streams. The long-term goal is to
use the classification scheme presented to develop predictive mean residence
times for different STS using field-measurable hydromorphic parameters and
obtain an effective STS mean residence time. The effective STS mean
residence time can then be deconvolved from the transient storage residence
time distribution (measured from a tracer test) to obtain an estimate of HTS
mean residence time. |
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