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| Titel |
A contribution to the selection of tsunami human vulnerability indicators: conclusions from tsunami impacts in Sri Lanka and Thailand (2004), Samoa (2009), Chile (2010) and Japan (2011) |
| VerfasserIn |
P. González-Riancho, B. Aliaga, S. Hettiarachchi, M. González, R. Medina |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences ; 15, no. 7 ; Nr. 15, no. 7 (2015-07-03), S.1493-1514 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119595
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-15-1493-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| After several tsunami events with disastrous consequences around the world,
coastal countries have realized the need to be prepared to minimize human
mortality and damage to coastal infrastructures, livelihoods and resources.
The international scientific community is striving to develop and validate
methodologies for tsunami hazard and vulnerability and risk assessments. The
vulnerability of coastal communities is usually assessed through the
definition of sets of indicators based on previous literature and/or
post-tsunami reports, as well as on the available data for the study site.
The aim of this work is to validate, in light of past tsunami events, the
indicators currently proposed by the scientific community to measure human
vulnerability, to improve their definition and selection as well as to
analyse their validity for different country development profiles. The
events analysed are the 2011 Great Tohoku tsunami, the 2010 Chilean tsunami,
the 2009 Samoan tsunami and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. The results
obtained highlight the need for considering both permanent and temporal
human exposure, the former requiring some hazard numerical modelling, while
the latter is related to site-specific livelihoods, cultural traditions and
gender roles. The most vulnerable age groups are the elderly and
children, the former having much higher mortality rates. Female mortality is
not always higher than male mortality and not always related to dependency issues.
Higher numbers of disabled people do not always translate into higher
numbers of victims. Besides, it is clear that mortality is not only related
to the characteristics of the population but also of the buildings. A high
correlation has been found between the affected buildings and the number of
victims, being very high for completely damaged buildings. Distance to the
sea, building materials and expected water depths are important determining
factors regarding the type of damage to buildings. |
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