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| Titel |
Can positive matrix factorization help to understand patterns of organic trace gases at the continental Global Atmosphere Watch site Hohenpeissenberg? |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Leuchner, S. Gubo, C. Schunk, C. Wastl, M. Kirchner, A. Menzel, C. Plass-Dülmer |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 3 ; Nr. 15, no. 3 (2015-02-04), S.1221-1236 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119387
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-1221-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| From the rural Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) site Hohenpeissenberg in the
pre-alpine area of southern Germany, a data set of 24 C2–C8
non-methane hydrocarbons over a period of 7 years was analyzed. Receptor
modeling was performed by positive matrix factorization (PMF) and the
resulting factors were interpreted with respect to source profiles and
photochemical aging. Differing from other studies, no direct source
attribution was intended because, due to chemistry along transport, mass
conservation from source to receptor is not given. However, at remote
sites such as Hohenpeissenberg, the observed patterns of non-methane hydrocarbons can be derived
from combinations of factors determined by PMF. A six-factor
solution showed high stability and the most plausible results. In addition
to a biogenic and a background factor of very stable compounds, four
additional anthropogenic factors were resolved that could be divided into
two short- and two long-lived patterns from evaporative sources/natural gas
leakage and incomplete combustion processes. The volume or mass
contribution at the site over the entire
period was, in decreasing order, from the following factor categories: background, gas leakage and long-lived
evaporative, residential heating and long-lived combustion, short-lived
evaporative, short-lived combustion, and biogenic. The importance with
respect to reactivity contribution was generally in reverse order, with the
biogenic and the short-lived combustion factors contributing most. The
seasonality of the factors was analyzed and compared to results of a simple
box model using constant emissions and the photochemical decay calculated
from the measured annual cycles of OH radicals and ozone. Two of the
factors, short-lived combustion and gas leakage/long-lived evaporative,
showed winter/summer ratios of about 9 and 7, respectively, as expected from
constant source estimations. Contrarily, the short-lived evaporative emissions were
about 3 times higher in summer than in winter, while residential heating/long-lived combustion emissions were about 2 times higher in winter than in summer. |
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