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| Titel |
The development of water services and their interaction with water resources in European and Brazilian cities |
| VerfasserIn |
B. Barraqué, R. M. Formiga Johnsson, A. L. Nogueira de Paiva Britto |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 12, no. 4 ; Nr. 12, no. 4 (2008-08-26), S.1153-1164 |
| Datensatznummer |
250010766
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-12-1153-2008.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The extension and complexity of large cities creates "urban water" and a
related issue: public water services, including public water supply, sewage
collection and treatment, and storm water control, had previously become a
policy sector separate from water resource allocation issues thanks to water
transport and treatment technologies. Large metropolitan areas today cannot
take nature for granted anymore, and they need to protect water resources,
if only to reduce the long term cost of transporting and treating water. In
this paper, we compare the historical development of water services in
European and Brazilian metropolitan areas, placing the technological
developments in their geographic, socio-economic and political contexts. Our
frame is to follow the successive contributions of civil engineering,
sanitary engineering, and environmental engineering: the "quantity of
water" and civil engineering paradigm allowed to mobilise water in and out
of the city, and up the hills or the floors; in the "water quality" and
chemical/sanitary engineering paradigm, water treatment gave more freedom to
cities to take water from rivers closer to them, but also to reduce sewer
discharge impacts; lastly, the environmental engineering paradigm proposes
to overcome the supply side perspective, by introducing demand side
management, water conservation, water allocation flexibilisation, and an
integrated approach to water services, water resources management, and land
use policies. |
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