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| Titel |
Basin-wide water accounting based on remote sensing data: an application for the Indus Basin |
| VerfasserIn |
P. Karimi, W. G. M. Bastiaanssen, D. Molden, M. J. M. Cheema |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 17, no. 7 ; Nr. 17, no. 7 (2013-07-04), S.2473-2486 |
| Datensatznummer |
250018917
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-17-2473-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The paper demonstrates the application of a new water accounting plus (WA+)
framework to produce information on depletion of water resources, storage
change, and land and water productivity in the Indus basin. It shows how
satellite-derived estimates of land use, rainfall, evaporation (E),
transpiration (T), interception (I) and biomass production can be used in
addition to measured basin outflow, for water accounting with WA+. It is
demonstrated how the accounting results can be interpreted to identify
existing issues and examine solutions for the future. The results for one
selected year (2007) showed that total annual water depletion in the basin
(501 km3) plus outflows (21 km3) exceeded total precipitation
(482 km3). The water storage systems that were effected are groundwater
storage (30 km3), surface water storage (9 km3), and glaciers and
snow storage (2 km3). Evapotranspiration of rainfall or "landscape ET"
was 344 km3 (69 % of total depletion). "Incremental ET" due to
utilized flow was 157 km3 (31% of total depletion). Agriculture
depleted 297 km3, or 59% of the total depletion, of which 85%
(254 km3) was through irrigated agriculture and the remaining 15%
(44 km3) through rainfed systems. Due to excessive soil evaporation in
agricultural areas, half of all water depletion in the basin was
non-beneficial. Based on the results of this accounting exercise loss of
storage, low beneficial depletion, and low land and water productivity were
identified as the main water resources management issues. Future scenarios to
address these issues were chosen and their impacts on the Indus Basin water
accounts were tested using the new WA+ framework. |
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