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| Titel |
Integrated approach for coastal hazards and risks in Sri Lanka |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Garcin, J. F. Desprats, M. Fontaine, R. Pedreros, N. Attanayake, S. Fernando, C. H. E. R. Siriwardana, U. Silva, B. Poisson |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1561-8633
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ; 8, no. 3 ; Nr. 8, no. 3 (2008-06-27), S.577-586 |
| Datensatznummer |
250005535
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/nhess-8-577-2008.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
The devastating impact of the tsunami of 26 December 2004 on the shores of
the Indian Ocean recalled the importance of knowledge and the taking into
account of coastal hazards. Sri Lanka was one of the countries most affected
by this tsunami (e.g. 30 000 dead, 1 million people homeless and 70% of
the fishing fleet destroyed). Following this tsunami, as part of the French
post-tsunami aid, a project to establish a Geographical Information System
(GIS) on coastal hazards and risks was funded. This project aims to define,
at a pilot site, a methodology for multiple coastal hazards assessment that
might be useful for the post-tsunami reconstruction and for development
planning. This methodology could be applied to the whole coastline of Sri
Lanka.
The multi-hazard approach deals with very different coastal processes in
terms of dynamics as well as in terms of return period. The first elements
of this study are presented here. We used a set of tools integrating a GIS,
numerical simulations and risk scenario modelling. While this action
occurred in response to the crisis caused by the tsunami, it was decided to
integrate other coastal hazards into the study. Although less dramatic than
the tsunami these remain responsible for loss of life and damage.
Furthermore, the establishment of such a system could not ignore the
longer-term effects of climate change on coastal hazards in Sri Lanka.
This GIS integrates the physical and demographic data available in Sri Lanka
that is useful for assessing the coastal hazards and risks. In addition,
these data have been used in numerical modelling of the waves generated
during periods of monsoon as well as for the December 2004 tsunami. Risk
scenarios have also been assessed for test areas and validated by field data
acquired during the project. The results obtained from the models can be
further integrated into the GIS and contribute to its enrichment and to help
in better assessment and mitigation of these risks.
The coastal-hazards-and-risks GIS coupled with modelling thus appears to be
a very useful tool that can constitute the skeleton of a coastal zone
management system. Decision makers will be able to make informed choices
with regards to hazards during reconstruction and urban planning projects. |
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