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| Titel |
Evaluation of stem rot in 339 Bornean tree species: implications of size, taxonomy, and soil-related variation for aboveground biomass estimates |
| VerfasserIn |
K. D. Heineman, S. E. Russo, I. C. Baillie, J. D. Mamit, P. P.-K. Chai, L. Chai, E. W. Hindley, B.-T. Lau, S. Tan, P. S. Ashton |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 12, no. 19 ; Nr. 12, no. 19 (2015-10-08), S.5735-5751 |
| Datensatznummer |
250118118
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-12-5735-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Fungal decay of heart wood creates hollows and areas of reduced wood density
within the stems of living trees known as stem rot. Although stem rot is
acknowledged as a source of error in forest aboveground biomass (AGB)
estimates, there are few data sets available to evaluate the controls over
stem rot infection and severity in tropical forests. Using legacy and recent
data from 3180 drilled, felled, and cored stems in mixed dipterocarp forests
in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, we quantified the frequency and severity of
stem rot in a total of 339 tree species, and related variation in stem rot
with tree size, wood density, taxonomy, and species' soil association, as
well as edaphic conditions. Predicted stem rot frequency for a 50 cm tree
was 53 % of felled, 39 % of drilled, and 28 % of cored stems,
demonstrating differences among methods in rot detection ability. The percent
stem volume infected by rot, or stem rot severity, ranged widely among trees
with stem rot infection (0.1–82.8 %) and averaged 9 % across all
trees felled. Tree taxonomy explained the greatest proportion of variance in
both stem rot frequency and severity among the predictors evaluated in our
models. Stem rot frequency, but not severity, increased sharply with tree
diameter, ranging from 13 % in trees 10–30 cm DBH to 54 % in stems
≥ 50 cm DBH across all data sets. The frequency of stem rot increased
significantly in soils with low pH and cation concentrations in topsoil, and
stem rot was more common in tree species associated with dystrophic sandy
soils than with nutrient-rich clays. When scaled to forest stands, the
maximum percent of stem biomass lost to stem rot varied significantly with
soil properties, and we estimate that stem rot reduces total forest AGB
estimates by up to 7 % relative to what would be predicted assuming all
stems are composed strictly of intact wood. This study demonstrates not only
that stem rot is likely to be a significant source of error in forest AGB
estimation, but also that it strongly covaries with tree size, taxonomy,
habitat association, and soil resources, underscoring the need to account for
tree community composition and edaphic variation in estimating carbon storage
in tropical forests. |
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