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| Titel |
The influence of copper-based fungicide use in soils and aquatic sediments. Case study: Aetoliko lagoon, Western Greece |
| VerfasserIn |
Pavlos Avramidis, Pantelis Barouchas, Thomas Dünwald, Ingmar Unkel |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2017
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
en
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 19 (2017) |
| Datensatznummer |
250149368
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2017-13709.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| In the study area, in order farmers to keep their olive trees healthy, the first measure is to keep
their olive trees well-fed that is the best initial defense against diseases. Copper-based
fungicides are the most common fungicides to protect olive plantations against diseases such
as the olive leaf spot. Pathogens are controlled by farmers with strategically timed disease
control programs rely on copper sprays to protect the foliage and fruit from infection
Successful disease control depends on even distribution and good retention of the copper
over all of the plant surfaces before the disease develops. Artificially added copper
has the ability to accumulate in soils and aquatic sediments and can cause adverse
effects on flora and fauna in its environment. For the present study soil and aquatic
sediments field campaign was carried out in the Aetoliko Lagoon ecosystem which is
exclusively dominated by olive orchards. It is for the first time in Greece that soil as well
as aquatic sediments samples of one coherent protected aquatic ecosystem were
taken and compared. To determine the influence that the usage of copper-based
fungicides have on the lagoon and surrounding areas, ten (10) sediment samples from
the bottom of the lagoon and twenty five (25) soil samples at the different olive
orchards that are bordering the water body were taken. The samples were analyzed for
total copper content (total digestion) and extractable copper (DTPA and NH4NO3).
Furthermore, soil / sedimentological and geochemical analyses such as pH, grain size, total
organic carbon, total nitrogen and calcium carbonate content were carried out. The
results show in over 80 % of the orchard soils a critical accumulation of the total
amount of copper. In some of the examined soils the value of 140 mg/kg(as set by the
European Union as a limit for total copper in farmland) is exceeded by the factors of
2 to 4.5. Copper content in the aquatic sediments is generally lower and varies
between 43.85 mg/kg and 71.87 mg/kg. The values for DTPA-extractable copper are
relatively very low, while the highest fractions of bioavailable copper are found
on the eastern shore of the lagoon. Our study can be used as a valuable reference
for future studies on this subject at the Aetoliko lagoon and similar ecosystems. |
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