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Titel |
Characterization of a soil amendment derived from co-composting of agricultural wastes and biochar |
VerfasserIn |
Gustavo Curaqueo, Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Monedero, Sebastian Meier, Jorge Medina, Marcelo Panichini, Fernando Borie, Rodrigo Navia |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2016
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
en
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 18 (2016) |
Datensatznummer |
250137011
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Publikation (Nr.) |
EGU/EGU2016-18184.pdf |
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Zusammenfassung |
The aim of this study was to characterize a compost blend prepared from sheep manure and
oat straw in a co-composting process enriched with oat husk biochar (BC). For this, a
co-composting trial was carried out in rotatories bins of 200 L capacity. Three mixtures
(piles) were assayed: BC0: sheep manure (SM) 65% w/w with 35% w/w oat straw (OS) and
no biochar; BC5: SM 62.5% w/w, 32.5% of OS and 5% of BC and BC10: SM 60% w/w, 30%
of OS and 10% of BC. The piles were turned 3 times per week in the first week, and then
once a week until the end of the composting process (140 days). The temperature and
humidity of the piles were monitored continually and the humidity was maintained in a
range from 55% to 65%. The maturity of final compost was evaluated by FTIR and
Solvita Test analysis. At the same time a chemical characterization including macro
and micro nutrient for each compost was performed and the compost phytotoxic
effect was evaluated by a germination test using aqueous extract over lettuce, radish
and wheat seeds. FTIR analysis showed bands attributed to aromatic C=C, C=O
stretching of amide groups, quinone C=O and/or C=O of H-bonded conjugated ketones
(1640 cm−1) which are typical in biological stabilized composts and compost with
high concentration of highly aromatic materials such as biochar, which seems to
become relatively more intense specially in BC10 treatment. Both composts were
characterized by a Solvita maturity index of 7, reflecting an adequate degree of maturation.
The CO2 emission was lower in the piles enriched with BC compared to control
treatment without BC. In the same way, NH3 index was 5 for all the treatments
indicating a null NH3 emission. In this respect, a decrease in the N-NH4 content was
related with the use of BC which indicate that BC could reduce N-losses during
composting favoring nitrification process. Chemical characterization showed pH values
higher than 8 for all piles and EC ranged from 8.6 to 14.7 dS cm−1. The Total N
and P contents increased in BC10 treatment, while the K contents were similar in
all treatments as well as C/N ratio (around 15). The organic matter content was
BC10>BC5>BC0 and the dissolved organic C content was lower than 8.3 g kg−1
for all piles confirming the maturity of compost. The germination test showed a
non-toxic effect of all amendments in the species assayed obtaining a germination
index between 55% and 80.7% indicating maturity of the amendments evaluated.
Our results indicated that the combined use of agricultural wastes and biochar by
mean of a co-composting process is a suitable option for generating good quality
amendments for improving soil condition and optimizing nutrient cycling at farm
scale.
Financial support for this research was provided by the National Commission for
Scientific and Technological Research through FONDECYT 11140508 Project |
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