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| Titel |
Quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from wastewater treatment plants using a ground-based remote sensing approach |
| VerfasserIn |
Antonio Delre, Jacob Mønster, Charlotte Scheutz |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2016
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
en
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 18 (2016) |
| Datensatznummer |
250124943
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2016-4454.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| The direct release of nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) from wastewater treatment
plants (WWTP) is important because it contributes to the global greenhouse gases (GHGs)
release and strongly effects the WWTP carbon footprint. Biological nitrogen removal
technologies could increase the direct emission of N2O (IPCC, 2006), while CH4 losses are
of environmental, economic and safety concern. Currently, reporting of N2O and CH4
emissions from WWTPs are performed mainly using methods suggested by IPCC which are
not site specific (IPCC, 2006).
The dynamic tracer dispersion method (TDM), a ground based remote sensing approach
implemented at DTU Environment, was demonstrated to be a novel and successful tool for
full-scale CH4 and N2O quantification from WWTPs. The method combines a controlled
release of tracer gas from the facility with concentration measurements downwind of the
plant (Mønster et al., 2014; Yoshida et al., 2014). TDM in general is based on the assumption
that a tracer gas released at an emission source, in this case a WWTP, disperses into the
atmosphere in the same way as the GHG emitted from process units. Since the ratio of their
concentrations remains constant along their atmospheric dispersion, the GHG emission rate
can be calculated using the following expression when the tracer gas release rate is
known:
EGHG=Qtr*(CGHG/Ctr)*(MWGHG/MWtr)
EGHG is the GHG emission in mass per time, Qtr is the tracer release in mass per time,
CGHG and Ctr are the concentrations measured downwind in parts per billion subtracted of
their background values and integrated over the whole plume, and MWGHG and
MWtr are the molar weights of GHG and tracer gas respectively (Mønster et al.
2014).
In this study, acetylene (C2H2) was used as tracer. Downwind plume concentrations were
measured driving along transects with two cavity ring down spectrometers (Yoshida et al.,
2014).
TDM was successfully applied in different seasons at several Scandinavian WWTPs
characterized by different capacity, process unit technologies and locations. The method was
applied at plants with different combination of nitrogen removal technologies and sewage
sludge treatment. According to the plant capacity and technologies, quantified emissions
ranged in the following intervals: from 0.7 to 3.4 kg N2O/h and from 1.1 to 17.6 kg
CH4/h.
In addition to quantifying the whole emission from the facilities, main sources in the
plants were identified. While CH4 was generally emitted from sludge treatment areas, N2O
was detected from nitrogen removal technologies both in the main stream and in the side
treatment. Process units like biosolids storage and aeration tanks were the only units releasing
both GHGs, although in different magnitude.
References
IPCC, 2006. Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 5 -
Waste.
Mønster, J., Samuelsson, J., Kjeldsen, P., Rella, C.W., Scheutz, C., 2014. Quantifying
methane emission from fugitive sources by combining tracer release and downwind
measurements - a sensitivity analysis based on multiple field surveys. Waste Manag. 34,
1416–28. doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2014.03.025
Yoshida, H., Mønster, J., Scheutz, C., 2014. Plant-integrated measurement of greenhouse
gas emissions from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Water Res. 1, 108–118.
doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.014 |
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