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| Titel |
Accurate prototype remote sensing of correlated carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions at Mt.Etna |
| VerfasserIn |
Anna Solvejg Dinger, Nicole Bobrowski, André Butz, Marie-Constanze Fischerkeller, Gaetano Giudice, Giovanni Giuffrida, Friedrich Klappenbach, Julian Kostinek, Jonas Kuhn, Marco Liuzzo, Peter Lübcke, Lukas Tirpitz, Ulrich Platt |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2016
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 18 (2016) |
| Datensatznummer |
250122048
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2016-974.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Volcanic carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions have a direct as well as
indirect impact on climate and air quality. Moreover these two gases, and in particular their
ratio, are tracers for dynamic processes inside volcanoes. Hence they can give direct
information about volcanic activity.
Semi-continuous in-situ measurements of CO2 and SO2 have been conducted for only a
decade, demonstrating the great potential of such data. More than once it could be shown that
the CO2/SO2 ratio increases and then drops before an eruption. However, in-situ
measurements are linked with great effort and risk due to the difficult environment, which
might also result in sheer impossibility.
Remote sensing of volcanic emissions allows for monitoring a volcano’s activity
from a safe distance to the volcano and thus generally under less difficult ambient
conditions. This means in turn less effort and cost, even employing a more cost
intense instrument. Further, remote sensing enables sampling of cross sections of the
entire plume thus, suffering less from representativeness errors than the in-situ
technique.
Remote sensing of SO2 is already well developed, whereas the measurement of CO2 is
challenged by the high background concentration and therefore required high accuracy in
order to measure little concentration enhancements in the volcanic plume. To overcome this
challenge, we employed combined direct sunlight spectroscopy for SO2 and CO2. Two
spectrometers (a UV-spectrometer for SO2 and a FTIR-spectrometer for CO2) were coupled
into the beam of a common sun tracker. The whole setup was installed on a mobile platform,
which allowed for sampling plume cross sections in a stop-and-go pattern. Measurements
were conducted during a three-week campaign at Mt.Etna, Sicily. We measured
enhancements of the averaged CO2 mixing ratio up to 0.5–1 ppm (2.5x1019 molec cm−2 CO2
column enhancement) and SO2 column enhancements up to 4x1018 molec cm−2. CO2 and
SO2 emissions showed a strong correlation and their emission ratios were in the range of
5-15. For comparison in-situ data, obtained by multigas and optical measurements, will be
presented.
Although CO2 mixing ratio enhancements could be clearly detected, we were close
to the detection limit. As an outlook we will discuss further, necessary research
to improve the accuracy of the CO2 measurement to a level which allows for the
construction of a stable and risk reduced monitoring network for CO2/SO2 ratios. |
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