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| Titel |
Extremely intense (SML ≤-2500 nT) substorms: isolated events that are externally triggered? |
| VerfasserIn |
B. T. Tsurutani, R. Hajra, E. Echer, J. W. Gjerloev |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
0992-7689
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Annales Geophysicae ; 33, no. 5 ; Nr. 33, no. 5 (2015-05-06), S.519-524 |
| Datensatznummer |
250121193
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/angeo-33-519-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We examine particularly intense substorms (SML ≤–2500 nT),
hereafter called "supersubstorms" or SSS events, to identify their nature
and their magnetic storm dependences. It is found that these intense
substorms are typically isolated events and are only loosely related to
magnetic storms. SSS events can occur during super (Dst ≤–250 nT) and
intense (−100 nT ≥ Dst >–250) magnetic storms. SSS events
can also occur during nonstorm (Dst ≥–50 nT) intervals. SSSs
are important because the strongest ionospheric currents will flow during
these events, potentially causing power outages on Earth. Several SSS
examples are shown. SSS events appear to be externally triggered by small
regions of very high density (~30 to 50 cm−3) solar wind
plasma parcels (PPs) impinging upon the magnetosphere. Precursor southward
interplanetary magnetic fields are detected prior to the PPs hitting the
magnetosphere. Our hypothesis is that these southward fields input energy
into the magnetosphere/magnetotail and the PPs trigger the release of the
stored energy. |
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