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| Titel |
Determination of virtual water content of rice and spatial characteristics analysis in China |
| VerfasserIn |
L. J. Zhang, X. A. Yin, Y. Zhi, Z. F. Yang |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 6 ; Nr. 18, no. 6 (2014-06-06), S.2103-2111 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120378
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-2103-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| China is a water-stressed country, and agriculture consumes the bulk of its
water resources. Assessing the virtual water content (VWC) of crops is one
important way to develop efficient water management measures to alleviate
water resource conflicts among different sectors. In this research, the VWC
of rice, a major crop in China, is taken as the research object. China
covers a vast land area, and the VWC of rice varies widely between different
regions. The VWC of rice in China is assessed and the spatial
characteristics are also analysed. The total VWC is the total volume
of freshwater both consumed and affected by pollution during the crop
production process, including both direct and indirect water use. Prior
calculation frameworks of the VWC of crops did not contain all of the
virtual water content of crops. In addition to the calculation of green,
blue and grey water – the direct water in VWC – the indirect water use of
rice was also calculated, using an input–output model. The percentages of
direct green, blue, grey and indirect water in the total VWC of rice in
China were found to be 43.8, 28.2, 27.6, and 0.4%. The total VWC of rice
generally showed a roughly three-tiered distribution, and decreased from
southeast to northwest. The higher values of direct green water usage were
mainly concentrated in Southeast and Southwest China, while the values
were relatively low in Northwest China and Inner Mongolia. The higher direct
blue water values were mainly concentrated in the eastern and southern
coastal regions and Northwest China, and low values were mainly concentrated
in Southwest China. Grey water values were relatively high in Shanxi and
Guangxi provinces and low in Northeast and Northwest China. The regions with
high values for indirect water were randomly distributed but the regions
with low values were mainly concentrated in Northwest and Southwest China.
For the regions with relatively high total VWC the high values of blue water
made the largest contribution, although for the country as a whole the
direct green water is the most important contributor. |
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