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| Titel |
Separating the effects of changes in land cover and climate: a hydro-meteorological analysis of the past 60 yr in Saxony, Germany |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Renner, K. Brust, K. Schwärzel, M. Volk, C. Bernhofer |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1027-5606
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ; 18, no. 1 ; Nr. 18, no. 1 (2014-01-31), S.389-405 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120265
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/hess-18-389-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Understanding and quantifying the impact of changes in climate and land
use/land cover on water availability is a prerequisite to adapt water
management; yet, it can be difficult to separate the effects of these
different impacts. In this paper we illustrate a separation and attribution
method based on a Budyko framework. We assume that evapotranspiration (ET) is limited
by the climatic forcing of precipitation (P) and evaporative demand (E0),
but modified by land-surface properties. Impacts of changes in climate
(i.e., E0/P) or land-surface changes on ET alter the two
dimensionless measures describing relative water (ET/P) and energy
partitioning (ET/E0), which allows us to separate and quantify
these impacts. We use the separation method to quantify the role of
environmental factors on ET using 68 small to medium range river
basins covering the greatest part of the German Federal State of Saxony
within the period of 1950–2009. The region can be considered as a typical
central European landscape with considerable anthropogenic impacts. In the
long term, most basins are found to follow the Budyko curve which we
interpret as a result of the strong interactions of climate, soils and
vegetation. However, two groups of basins deviate. Agriculturally dominated
basins at lower altitudes exceed the Budyko curve while a set of high
altitude, forested basins fall well below. When visualizing the decadal
dynamics on the relative partitioning of water and energy the impacts of
climatic and land-surface changes become apparent. After 1960 higher forested
basins experienced large land-surface changes which show that the air
pollution driven tree damages have led to a decline of annual ET
on the order of 38%. In contrast, lower, agricultural dominated areas show
no significant changes during that time. However, since the 1990s effective
mitigation measures on industrial pollution have been established and the
apparent brightening and regrowth has resulted in a significant increase of
ET across most basins. In conclusion, data on both, the water and
the energy balance is necessary to understand how long-term climate and land
cover control evapotranspiration and thus water availability. Further, the
detected land-surface change impacts are consistent in space and time with
independent forest damage data and thus confirm the validity of the
separation approach. |
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