 |
| Titel |
Changes in chemical components of aerosol particles in different haze regions in China from 2006 to 2013 and contribution of meteorological factors |
| VerfasserIn |
X. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, H. L. Liu, J. Y. Sun, Y. M. Zhang |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 22 ; Nr. 15, no. 22 (2015-11-22), S.12935-12952 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120176
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-12935-2015.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
Since there have been individual reports of persistent haze–fog events in January 2013 in
central-eastern China, questions on factors causing the drastic differences in
changes in 2013 from changes in adjacent years have been raised. Changes in
major chemical components of aerosol particles over the years also remain
unclear. The extent of meteorological factors contributing to such changes is
yet to be determined. The study intends to present the changes in
daily based major water-soluble constituents, carbonaceous species, and
mineral aerosol in PM10 at 13 stations within different haze regions in
China from 2006 to 2013, which are associated with specific meteorological conditions
that are highly related to aerosol pollution (parameterized as an index
called Parameter Linking
Aerosol Pollution and Meteorological Elements – PLAM). No obvious changes were found in annual mean
concentrations of these various chemical components and PM10 in 2013,
relative to 2012. By contrast, wintertime mass of these components was
quite different. In Hua Bei Plain (HBP), sulfate, organic carbon (OC), nitrate, ammonium, element carbon (EC),
and mineral dust concentrations in winter were approximately 43, 55, 28, 23, 21, and 130 μg m−3, respectively; these masses were
approximately 2 to 4 times higher than those in background mass, which also
exhibited a decline during 2006 to 2010 and then a rise till 2013. The
mass of these concentrations and PM10, except minerals, respectively,
increased by approximately 28 to 117 % and 25 % in January 2013
compared with that in January 2012. Thus, persistent haze–fog events
occurred in January 2013, and approximately 60 % of this increase in
component concentrations from 2012 to 2013 can be attributed to severe
meteorological conditions in the winter of 2013. In the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) area, winter masses of these components, unlike HBP, have not
significantly increase since 2010; PLAM were also maintained at a similar
level without significant changes. In the Pearl River Delta (PRD) area, the
regional background concentrations of the major chemical components were
similar to those in the YRD, accounting for approximately 60–80 % of those in HBP.
Since 2010, a decline has been found for winter concentrations, which can be
partially attributable to persistently improving meteorological conditions
and emission cutting with an emphasis on coal combustion in this area.
In addition to the scattered and centralized coal combustion for heating,
burning biomass fuels contributed to the large increase in concentrations of
carbonaceous aerosol in major haze regions in winter, except in the PRD. No
obvious changes were found for the proportions of each chemical components of
PM10 from 2006 to 2013. Among all of the emissions recorded in chemical
compositions in 2013, coal combustion was still the largest anthropogenic
source of aerosol pollution in various areas in China, with a higher sulfate
proportion of PM10 in most areas of China, and OC was normally ranked
third. PM10 concentrations increased by approximately 25 % in
January of 2013 relative to 2012, which caused persistent haze–fog events in
HBP; emissions also reduced by approximately 35 % in Beijing and its
vicinity (BIV) in late autumn of 2014, thereby producing the Asia Pacific
Economic Cooperation (APEC) blue (extremely good air quality); thus, one can
expect that the persistent haze–fog events would be reduced significantly in
the BIV, if approx. one-third of the 2013 winter emissions were reduced,
which can also be viewed as the upper limit of atmospheric aerosol pollution
capacity in this area. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|