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| Titel |
High ice water content at low radar reflectivity near deep convection – Part 1: Consistency of in situ and remote-sensing observations with stratiform rain column simulations |
| VerfasserIn |
A. M. Fridlind, A. S. Ackerman, A. Grandin, F. Dezitter, M. Weber, J. W. Strapp, A. V. Korolev, C. R. Williams |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 20 ; Nr. 15, no. 20 (2015-10-22), S.11713-11728 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120113
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-11713-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Occurrences of jet engine power loss and damage have been associated with
flight through fully glaciated deep convection at −10 to
−50 °C. Power loss events commonly occur during flight
through radar reflectivity (Ze) less than 20–30 dBZ and no
more than moderate turbulence, often overlying moderate to heavy rain near
the surface. During 2010–2012, Airbus carried out flight tests seeking to
characterize the highest ice water content (IWC) in such low-Ze
regions of large, cold-topped storm systems in the vicinity of Cayenne,
Darwin, and Santiago. Within the highest IWC regions encountered, at typical
sampling elevations (circa 11 km), the measured ice size distributions
exhibit a notably narrow concentration of mass over area-equivalent diameters
of 100–500 μm. Given substantial and poorly quantified
measurement uncertainties, here we evaluate the consistency of the Airbus in
situ measurements with ground-based profiling radar observations obtained
under quasi-steady, heavy stratiform rain conditions in one of the
Airbus-sampled locations. We find that profiler-observed radar reflectivities
and mean Doppler velocities at Airbus sampling temperatures are generally
consistent with those calculated from in situ size-distribution measurements.
We also find that column simulations using the in situ size distributions as
an upper boundary condition are generally consistent with observed profiles
of Ze, mean Doppler velocity (MDV), and retrieved rain rate. The
results of these consistency checks motivate an examination of the
microphysical pathways that could be responsible for the observed size-distribution features in Ackerman et al.
(2015). |
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