 |
| Titel |
The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO): overview of pilot measurements on ecosystem ecology, meteorology, trace gases, and aerosols |
| VerfasserIn |
M. O. Andreae, O. C. Acevedo, A. Araùjo, P. Artaxo, C. G. G. Barbosa, H. M. J. Barbosa, J. Brito, S. Carbone, X. Chi, B. B. L. Cintra, N. F. da Silva, N. L. Dias, C. Q. Dias-Júnior, F. Ditas, R. Ditz, A. F. L. Godoi, R. H. M. Godoi, M. Heimann, T. Hoffmann, J. Kesselmeier, T. Könemann, M. L. Krüger, J. V. Lavrič, A. O. Manzi, A. P. Lopes, D. L. Martins, E. F. Mikhailov, D. Moran-Zuloaga, B. W. Nelson, A. C. Nölscher, D. Santos Nogueira, M. T. F. Piedade, C. Pöhlker, U. Pöschl, C. A. Quesada, L. V. Rizzo, C.-U. Ro, N. Ruckteschler, L. D. A. Sá, M. de Oliveira Sá, C. B. Sales, R. M. N. dos Santos, J. Saturno, J. Schöngart, M. Sörgel, C. M. de Souza, R. A. F. de Souza, H. Su, N. Targhetta, J. Tota, I. Trebs, S. Trumbore, A. van Eijck, D. Walter, Z. Wang, B. Weber, J. Williams, J. Winderlich, F. Wittmann, S. Wolff, A. M. Yáñez-Serrano |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 18 ; Nr. 15, no. 18 (2015-09-28), S.10723-10776 |
| Datensatznummer |
250120059
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-10723-2015.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
The Amazon Basin plays key roles in the carbon and water cycles, climate
change, atmospheric chemistry, and biodiversity. It has already been changed
significantly by human activities, and more pervasive change is expected to
occur in the coming decades. It is therefore essential to establish long-term
measurement sites that provide a baseline record of present-day climatic,
biogeochemical, and atmospheric conditions and that will be operated over
coming decades to monitor change in the Amazon region, as human
perturbations increase in the future.
The Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) has been set up in a pristine rain
forest region in the central Amazon Basin, about 150 km northeast of the
city of Manaus. Two 80 m towers have been operated at the site since 2012,
and a 325 m tower is nearing completion in mid-2015. An ecological survey
including a biodiversity assessment has been conducted in the forest region
surrounding the site. Measurements of micrometeorological and atmospheric
chemical variables were initiated in 2012, and their range has continued to
broaden over the last few years. The meteorological and micrometeorological
measurements include temperature and wind profiles, precipitation, water and
energy fluxes, turbulence components, soil temperature profiles and soil
heat fluxes, radiation fluxes, and visibility. A tree has been instrumented
to measure stem profiles of temperature, light intensity, and water content
in cryptogamic covers. The trace gas measurements comprise continuous
monitoring of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and ozone at five to
eight different heights, complemented by a variety of additional species measured
during intensive campaigns (e.g., VOC, NO, NO2, and OH reactivity).
Aerosol optical, microphysical, and chemical measurements are being made
above the canopy as well as in the canopy space. They include aerosol light
scattering and absorption, fluorescence, number and volume size
distributions, chemical composition, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN)
concentrations, and hygroscopicity. In this paper, we discuss the scientific
context of the ATTO observatory and present an overview of results from
ecological, meteorological, and chemical pilot studies at the ATTO site. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|