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| Titel |
Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review |
| VerfasserIn |
X. W. Fu, H. Zhang, B. Yu, X. Wang, C.-J. Lin, X. B. Feng |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 16 ; Nr. 15, no. 16 (2015-08-24), S.9455-9476 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119990
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-9455-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| China presently contributes the largest amount of anthropogenic mercury (Hg)
emission into the atmosphere in the world. Over the past decade, numerous
studies have been conducted to characterize the concentration and forms of
atmospheric Hg in China, which provide insights into the spatial and temporal
distributions of atmospheric Hg through ground-based measurements at widely
diverse geographical locations and during cruise and flight campaigns. In
this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state of understanding
in atmospheric Hg in China. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and
particulate-bound mercury (PBM) measured at the remote sites in China are
substantially elevated compared to the background values in the Northern
Hemisphere. In Chinese urban areas, the highly elevated GEM, PBM and gaseous
oxidized mercury (GOM) were mainly derived from local anthropogenic Hg
emissions, whereas regional anthropogenic emissions and long-range transport
from domestic source regions are the primary causes of the elevated GEM and
PBM concentrations at remote sites. Using 7–9 years of continuous
observations at a remote site and an urban site, a slight increase in
atmospheric GEM (2.4–2.5 % yr−1) was identified (paired samples
test: p < 0.01), which is in agreement with the increasing
domestic anthropogenic emissions. Anthropogenic GEM emission quantity in
China estimated through the observed GEM / CO concentration ratios ranged
from 632 to 1138 t annually over the past decade, 2–3 times larger than
published values using emission activity data. Modeling results and filed
measurements show dry deposition is the predominant process for removing Hg
from the atmosphere, 2.5–9.0 times larger than wet deposition, due to the
elevated atmospheric GEM and PBM concentrations that facilitate dry
deposition to terrestrial landscapes. Further studies to reconcile the
observed and simulated Hg concentrations, to understand the impact of
domestic emission reduction on Hg concentration and deposition and to
delineate the role of Hg emission and deposition of China in the global Hg
biogeochemical cycle, are needed. |
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