 |
| Titel |
Estimating NH3 emissions from agricultural fertilizer application in China using the bi-directional CMAQ model coupled to an agro-ecosystem model |
| VerfasserIn |
X. Fu, S. X. Wang, L. M. Ran, J. E. Pleim, E. Cooter, J. O. Bash, V. Benson, J. M. Hao |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 12 ; Nr. 15, no. 12 (2015-06-16), S.6637-6649 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119831
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-6637-2015.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in atmospheric
aerosol chemistry. China is one of the largest NH3 emitting countries
with the majority of NH3 emissions coming from agricultural
practices, such as fertilizer application and livestock production. The
current NH3 emission estimates in China are mainly based on
pre-defined emission factors that lack temporal or spatial details, which
are needed to accurately predict NH3 emissions. This study provides
the first online estimate of NH3 emissions from agricultural fertilizer
application in China, using an agricultural fertilizer modeling system which
couples a regional air quality model (the Community Multi-scale Air Quality model, or CMAQ) and an agro-ecosystem model (the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model, or EPIC). This method improves the spatial and
temporal resolution of NH3 emissions from this sector.
We combined the cropland area data of 14 crops from 2710 counties with the
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land use data to
determine the crop distribution. The fertilizer application rates and
methods for different crops were collected at provincial or agricultural
region levels. The EPIC outputs of daily fertilizer application and soil
characteristics were input into the CMAQ model and the hourly NH3
emissions were calculated online with CMAQ running. The estimated
agricultural fertilizer NH3 emissions in this study were approximately
3 Tg in 2011. The regions with the highest modeled emission rates are located
in the North China Plain. Seasonally, peak ammonia emissions occur from
April to July. Compared with previous researches, this study considers an
increased number of influencing factors, such as meteorological fields, soil
and fertilizer application, and provides improved NH3 emissions with
higher spatial and temporal resolution. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|