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| Titel |
Characterization of biomass burning emissions from cooking fires, peat, crop residue, and other fuels with high-resolution proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry |
| VerfasserIn |
C. E. Stockwell, P. R. Veres, J. Williams, R. J. Yokelson |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 15, no. 2 ; Nr. 15, no. 2 (2015-01-23), S.845-865 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119343
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-15-845-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| We deployed a high-resolution proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass
spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) to measure biomass-burning emissions from peat,
crop residue, cooking fires, and many other fire types during the fourth
Fire Lab at Missoula Experiment (FLAME-4) laboratory campaign. A combination
of gas standard calibrations and composition sensitive, mass-dependent
calibration curves was applied to quantify gas-phase non-methane organic
compounds (NMOCs) observed in the complex mixture of fire emissions. We used
several approaches to assign the best identities to most major "exact masses",
including many high molecular mass species. Using these methods,
approximately 80–96% of the total NMOC mass detected by the PTR-TOF-MS and
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was positively or tentatively
identified for major fuel types. We report data for many rarely measured or
previously unmeasured emissions in several compound classes including
aromatic hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, and furans; many of these are
suspected secondary organic aerosol precursors. A large set of new emission
factors (EFs) for a range of globally significant biomass fuels is
presented. Measurements show that oxygenated NMOCs accounted for the largest
fraction of emissions of all compound classes. In a brief study of various
traditional and advanced cooking methods, the EFs for these emissions groups
were greatest for open three-stone cooking in comparison to their more advanced
counterparts. Several little-studied nitrogen-containing organic compounds
were detected from many fuel types, that together accounted for 0.1–8.7%
of the fuel nitrogen, and some may play a role in new particle formation. |
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