 |
| Titel |
Advances in understanding and parameterization of small-scale physical processes in the marine Arctic climate system: a review |
| VerfasserIn |
T. Vihma, R. Pirazzini, I. Fer, I. A. Renfrew, J. Sedlar, M. Tjernström, C. Lüpkes, T. Nygård, D. Notz, J. Weiss, D. Marsan, B. Cheng, G. Birnbaum, S. Gerland, D. Chechin, J. C. Gascard |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
|
| Sprache |
Englisch
|
| ISSN |
1680-7316
|
| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 14, no. 17 ; Nr. 14, no. 17 (2014-09-10), S.9403-9450 |
| Datensatznummer |
250119020
|
| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-14-9403-2014.pdf |
|
|
|
|
|
| Zusammenfassung |
| The Arctic climate system includes numerous highly interactive small-scale
physical processes in the atmosphere, sea ice, and ocean. During and since
the International Polar Year 2007–2009, significant advances have been made
in understanding these processes. Here, these recent advances are reviewed,
synthesized, and discussed. In atmospheric physics, the primary advances have
been in cloud physics, radiative transfer, mesoscale cyclones, coastal, and
fjordic processes as well as in boundary layer processes and surface
fluxes. In sea ice and its snow cover, advances have been made in
understanding of the surface albedo and its relationships with snow
properties, the internal structure of sea ice, the heat and salt transfer in
ice, the formation of superimposed ice and snow ice, and the small-scale
dynamics of sea ice. For the ocean, significant advances have been related to
exchange processes at the ice–ocean interface, diapycnal mixing,
double-diffusive convection, tidal currents and diurnal resonance. Despite
this recent progress, some of these small-scale physical processes are still
not sufficiently understood: these include wave–turbulence interactions in
the atmosphere and ocean, the exchange of heat and salt at the ice–ocean
interface, and the mechanical weakening of sea ice. Many other processes are
reasonably well understood as stand-alone processes but the challenge is to
understand their interactions with and impacts and feedbacks on other
processes. Uncertainty in the parameterization of small-scale processes
continues to be among the greatest challenges facing climate modelling,
particularly in high latitudes. Further improvements in parameterization
require new year-round field campaigns on the Arctic sea ice, closely
combined with satellite remote sensing studies and numerical model
experiments. |
| |
|
| Teil von |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|