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| Titel |
Understanding emissions of ammonia from buildings and the application of fertilizers: an example from Poland |
| VerfasserIn |
M. Werner, C. Ambelas Skjøth, M. Kryza, A. J. Dore |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 12, no. 11 ; Nr. 12, no. 11 (2015-06-11), S.3623-3638 |
| Datensatznummer |
250117982
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-12-3623-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| A Europe-wide dynamic ammonia (NH3) emissions model has been applied for
one of the large agricultural countries in Europe, and its sensitivity on the
distribution of emissions among different agricultural functions was analyzed
by comparing with observed ammonia concentrations and by implementing all
scenarios in a chemical transport model (CTM). The results suggest that the
dynamic emission model is most sensitive to emissions from animal manure, in
particular how animal manure and its application on fields is connected to
national regulations. To incorporate the national regulations, we obtained
activity information on agricultural operations at the sub-national level for
Poland, information about infrastructure on storages and current regulations
on manure practice from Polish authorities. The information was implemented
in the existing emission model and was connected directly with calculations
from the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The model was used to
calculate four emission scenarios with high spatial (5 km × 5 km)
and temporal resolution (3 h) for the entire year 2010. In the four scenarios,
we have compared a constant emission approach (FLAT), scenario (1) against (2)
a dynamic approach based on the Europe-wide default settings (Skjøth et
al., 2011, scenario DEFAULT); (3) a dynamic approach that takes into account
Polish practice and less regulation compared to Denmark (POLREGUL); (4) a
scenario that focuses on emissions from agricultural buildings (NOFERT). The
ammonia emission was implemented into the chemical transport model FRAME (Fine Resolution Atmospheric Multi-pollutant Exchange) and
modelled ammonia concentrations were compared with measurements. The results
for an agricultural area suggest that the default setting in the dynamic
model is an improvement compared to a non-dynamical emission profile. The
results also show that further improvements can be obtained at a national
scale by replacing the default information on manure practice with
information that is connected with local practice and national regulations.
Implementing a dynamical approach for simulation of ammonia emission is a
reliable but challenging objective for CTM models that continue to use fixed
emission profiles. |
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