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| Titel |
Distribution of PAHs and the PAH-degrading bacteria in the deep-sea sediments of the high-latitude Arctic Ocean |
| VerfasserIn |
C. Dong, X. Bai, H. Sheng, L. Jiao, H. Zhou, Z. Shao |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1726-4170
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Biogeosciences ; 12, no. 7 ; Nr. 12, no. 7 (2015-04-13), S.2163-2177 |
| Datensatznummer |
250117894
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/bg-12-2163-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common organic pollutants that
can be transferred long distances and tend to accumulate in marine sediments.
However, less is known regarding the distribution of PAHs and their natural
bioattenuation in the open sea, especially the Arctic Ocean. In this report,
sediment samples were collected at four sites from the Chukchi Plateau to the
Makarov Basin in the summer of 2010. PAH compositions and total
concentrations were examined with GC-MS. The concentrations of 16
EPA-priority PAHs varied from 2.0 to 41.6 ng g−1 dry weight and
decreased with sediment depth and movement from the southern to the northern
sites. Among the targeted PAHs, phenanthrene was relatively abundant in all
sediments. The 16S rRNA gene of the total environmental DNA was analyzed with
Illumina high-throughput sequencing (IHTS) to determine the diversity of
bacteria involved in PAH degradation in situ. The potential degraders
including Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Halomonas,
Pseudoalteromonas, Marinomonas, Bacillus,
Dietzia, Colwellia, Acinetobacter,
Alcanivorax, Salinisphaera and Shewanella, with
Dietzia as the most abundant, occurred in all sediment samples.
Meanwhile, enrichment with PAHs was initiated onboard and transferred to the
laboratory for further enrichment and to obtain the degrading consortia. Most
of the abovementioned bacteria in addition to Hahella, Oleispira,
Oceanobacter and Hyphomonas occurred alternately as predominant
members in the enrichment cultures from different sediments based on IHTS and
PCR-DGGE analysis. To reconfirm their role in PAH degradation, 40 different
bacteria were isolated and characterized, among which Cycloclasticus
Pseudomonas showed the best degradation capability under low
temperatures. Taken together, PAHs and PAH-degrading bacteria were widespread
in the deep-sea sediments of the Arctic Ocean. We propose that bacteria of
Cycloclasticus, Pseudomonas, Pseudoalteromonas,
Halomonas, Marinomonas and Dietzia may play the
most important role in PAH mineralization in situ. |
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