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| Titel |
GNAQPMS-Hg v1.0, a global nested atmospheric mercury transport model: model description, evaluation and application to trans-boundary transport of Chinese anthropogenic emissions |
| VerfasserIn |
H. S. Chen, Z. F. Wang, J. Li, X. Tang, B. Z. Ge, X. L. Wu, O. Wild, G. R. Carmichael |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1991-959X
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Geoscientific Model Development ; 8, no. 9 ; Nr. 8, no. 9 (2015-09-11), S.2857-2876 |
| Datensatznummer |
250116557
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/gmd-8-2857-2015.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Atmospheric mercury (Hg) is a toxic pollutant and can be transported over
the whole globe due to its long lifetime in the atmosphere. For the purpose
of assessing Hg hemispheric transport and better characterizing regional Hg
pollution, a global nested atmospheric Hg transport model (GNAQPMS-Hg – Global Nested Air Quality
Prediction Modeling System for Hg) has
been developed. In GNAQPMS-Hg, the gas- and aqueous-phase Hg chemistry
representing the transformation among three forms of Hg: elemental mercury
(Hg(0)), divalent mercury (Hg(II)), and primary particulate mercury (Hg(P))
are calculated. A detailed description of the model, including mercury
emissions, gas- and aqueous-phase chemistry, and dry and wet deposition is
given in this study. Worldwide observations including extensive data in
China have been collected for model evaluation. Comparison results show that
the model reasonably simulates the global mercury budget and the
spatiotemporal variation of surface mercury concentrations and deposition.
Overall, model predictions of annual total gaseous mercury (TGM) and wet
deposition agree with observations within a factor of 2, and within a
factor of 5 for oxidized mercury and dry deposition. The model performs
significantly better in North America and Europe than in East Asia. This can
probably be attributed to the large uncertainties in emission inventories,
coarse model resolution and to the inconsistency between the simulation and
observation periods in East Asia. Compared to the global simulation, the
nested simulation shows improved skill at capturing the high spatial
variability of surface Hg concentrations and deposition over East Asia. In
particular, the root mean square error (RMSE) of simulated Hg wet deposition
over East Asia is reduced by 24 % in the nested simulation. Model
sensitivity studies indicate that Chinese primary anthropogenic emissions
account for 30 and 62 % of surface mercury concentrations and
deposition over China, respectively. Along the rim of the western Pacific,
the contributions from Chinese sources are 11 and 15.2 % over the
Korean Peninsula, 10.4 and 8.2 % over Southeast Asia, and 5.7 and
5.9 % over Japan. But for North America, Europe and western Asia, the
contributions from China are all below 5 %. |
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