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| Titel |
How much snow falls on the Antarctic ice sheet? |
| VerfasserIn |
C. Palerme, J. E. Kay, C. Genthon, T. L'Ecuyer, N. B. Wood, C. Claud |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1994-0416
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: The Cryosphere ; 8, no. 4 ; Nr. 8, no. 4 (2014-08-22), S.1577-1587 |
| Datensatznummer |
250116268
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/tc-8-1577-2014.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Climate models predict Antarctic precipitation to increase during the 21st
century, but their present day Antarctic precipitation differs. A
model-independent climatology of the Antarctic precipitation characteristics,
such as snowfall rates and frequency, is needed to assess the models, but it is
not yet available. Satellite observations of precipitation by active sensors
has been possible in the polar regions since the launch of CloudSat in 2006.
Here, we use two CloudSat products to generate the first multi-year,
model-independent climatology of Antarctic precipitation. The first product
is used to determine the frequency and the phase of precipitation, while the
second product is used to assess the snowfall rate. The mean snowfall rate
from August 2006 to April 2011 is 171 mm year−1 over the Antarctic ice
sheet, north of 82° S. While uncertainties on individual
precipitation retrievals from CloudSat data are potentially large, the mean
uncertainty should be much smaller, but cannot be easily estimated. There are
no in situ measurements of Antarctic precipitation to directly assess the new
climatology. However, distributions of both precipitation occurrences and
rates generally agree with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather
Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim data set, the production of
which is constrained by various in situ and satellite observations, but does
not use any data from CloudSat. The new data set thus offers unprecedented
capability to quantitatively assess Antarctic precipitation statistics and
rates in climate models. |
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