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| Titel |
Recent and future rainfall erosivity on the territory of the Czech Republic |
| VerfasserIn |
Josef Krása, Hana Stredova, Petr Stepanek, Martin Hanel, Tomáš Dostál, Ivan Novotný |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2015
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 17 (2015) |
| Datensatznummer |
250107986
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2015-7714.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Water erosion is a main factor of degradation of soils used for agriculture in the Czech
Republic. For landscape conservation purposes the soil erosion risk is defined here mostly by
USLE (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978). Within USLE the precipitation impact on erosion is a
function of rainfall kinetic energy and intensity represented by R-factor. In the Czech
Republic historically and recently several research teams have analyzed rainfall
data to assess R-factor. Till now not many European countries have performed
detailed spatially distributed analyses of rain erosivities. Most studies use only
simplified methods based on long-term rainfall averages or databases of only several
station-datasets.
The most recent study on rainfall erosivity spatial distribution over the Czech Republic
was based on digital rain gauge data from automatic stations of the Czech Hydrometeorogical
Institute. The erosive rains were derived from continuous 1 minute step 10-year
rainfall data (2003-2012) from 245 stations. Based on the research recent annual
R-factor values in the stations vary from 37 to 239 [N.h-1] (values over 100 are
located in mountain regions with minimum of agricultural land). Average value is 69
[N.h-1.year-1].
For the Czech Republic the future prediction is based on 10km resolution ALADIN/CZ
regional climate model. Within the EU FP6 project CECILIA it was coupled with GCM
ARPEGE to provide a projection of future climate in two time slices, 2021-2050 and
2071-2100, according to the IPCC A1B emission scenario. Daily precipitation volumes and
percentiles of maximal events allowed authors to develop R-factor maps of present and future
scenarios. Based on the analyses we can conclude that average value for the whole territory of
the Czech Republic will remain close to 70 [N.h-1.year-1] or even decrease for 2071-2100,
but we can expect significant changes (30-40 % rise or decrease) for several large agricultural
regions (eg. Southern Moravia). These changes will have impact on soil erosion dynamics
of the specific areas. Details on the spatial distribution of recent and future rain
erosivities over the Czech Republic and the consequences for the erosion risk will be
presented.
The paper was prepared within the projects NAZV QJ1230056 and BV VG
20122015092. |
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