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| Titel |
Soil solution sensitivity to low pollution load |
| VerfasserIn |
Tamara Gorbacheva, Ryunosuke Kikuchi |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2014
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 16 (2014) |
| Datensatznummer |
250087549
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2014-1913.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Murmansk region (Russian Federation) is included in environmental hot spots list (2003
report of NEFCO and AMAP). Annual emissions of SO2 from stationary sources (largest is
Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company) and autotransport decreased in XXI
century and sustained (tons) as: 282942 (2000); 2002 – 249400 (2002); 240110
(2003); 225573 (2005); 217872 (2006); 215910 (2007); 206910 (2008); 211210
(2009); 21554 (2010); 199500 (2011); 194600 (2012). Kola Peninsula terrestrial
ecosystems tolerance to atmospheric S deposition was assessed on the basis of
the critical load concept: most sensitive ecosystems (critical sulfur load less 400
equiv per ha per year) occupy 58% of the total area; zones at risk of excess sulfur
input into ecosystems cover more than 20% of the Kola Peninsula (Koptsik et al.,
2008).
We attempted to estimate soil solution sensitivity to long-term, but low pollution load by
sulfur dioxide in southwest direction from Monchegorsk smelter: (1) - 260 km away,
66o50,45’N; 30o 12,34’E) and (2) – 100 km away, 67o22,837’N; 32o26,016’E). The
investigations were carried out during 2003-2008 period on permanent monitoring plots of
INEP equipped by deposition collectors and zero-tension lyzimeters. Monitoring plots are
located in similar native conditions: Site altitude – 170 m (2) vrs. 132 m (1); Forest type -
Piceetum empetroso-myrtillosum-hylocomiosa; Stand history- no thining, no fires;
Silvicultural history - no. Soil properties are similar too: Soil type (FAO) - ferric podzol (both
plots); organic layer thickness 0-16cm (2) vrs. 0-11cm (1), E horizon thickness 16-27cm (2)
vrs. 11-22cm (1), B horizon 27-51cm (2) vrs. 22-47 cm (1); parent material - glacial till (both
plots). Plots are differed by annual sulfate pollution load (estimated as snow plus
rain): 0.09-0.26 gm-2 (1) vrs. 0.14-0.43 gm-2(2), but both plots are refered to
background plots. So, background modelled data of S deposition in the Border
Areas of Norway and Russia is 0.1 - 0.2 gm-2 (Sivertsen et al., 1994), the natural
background of S deposition is 0.7 - 1.5 kg per ha per year (Granat et al., 1976, Husar and
Holloway, 1982). Our results suggested about high soil solution sensitivity to S pollution
load on permissible level even (far from critical load). According to sulfate mass
flow estimate, organic horizon on plot (2) functioned as sulfate investment source
during most periods, but more pronounced after snow melting (up to 3-4 times
increasing compared to atmospheric deposition). In own turn, organic horizon of plot
(1) (with lesser pollution load) plays as natural biogeochemical barrier to sulfate
load or transit layer. With regard to observed S bioaccumulation in L layer on plots
(2) such difference could be explained by well-recognized organic S cycling role
over a wide range of atmospheric S inputs (from 13 to 130 kg S per ha per year) in
13 Central European forested catchments (Novark et al., 2000; Alewell, 2001). |
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