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| Titel |
Spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for urban soil contaminants |
| VerfasserIn |
Anna Brook, Daniella Kopel |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2014
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 16 (2014) |
| Datensatznummer |
250086900
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 EGU/EGU2014-842.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Urbanization has become one of the major forces of change around the globe. Land use
transformation, especially urbanization has the most profound influences of human activities
because it affects so many of the planet’s physical and biological systems. Land use changes
directly impact the ability of the earth to continue to provide ecological services
to human society and the other occupants of the ecosystems. The urban process
gradually degrades and transforms agricultural and natural ecosystems into built
environments.
The urban environment includes cities, suburbs, peri–urban areas and towns. Urban
ecosystems are highly heterogeneous due to the variety of land covers and land
purposes. Thus, the choices on managing the extent and arranging the land cover
patches (e.g., lawns) assist to shape the emergent structure and function of the urban
ecosystems.
As a result of ecological conditions and current management status the urban soils show
substantial spatial heterogeneity. Whereas, adverse effects of pollutants on ecosystems have
been demonstrated, one important need for environmental impact assessment have
been defined as maintenance of long-term monitoring systems, which can enable to
improve monitoring, modelling and assessment of various stressors in agriculture
environment. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance Fourier-transform
infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy across visible–near- short- mid- and long- wave infrared
(0.4-14μm) has the potential to meet this demand. Relationships between spectral
reflectance and soil properties, such as grain size distribution, moisture, iron oxides,
carbonate content, and organic matter, have already been established in many studies
(Krishnan et al. 1980, Ben-Dor and Banin 1995, Jarmer et al. 2008, Richter et al. 2009).
The aims of this study are to develop diagnostic tool for heavy metals, polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons, asbestos and other anthropogenic contaminants in urban soil
using spectroscopy across 0.4-14μm spectral range. To examine the potential of the
above-mentioned technique on contaminated and uncontaminated urban areas in Northern
Israel, we propose to use both portable field spectrometers across 0.4-2.5μm and
laboratory FTIR system across 3-14μm testing selected bare soil samples and integrate
the obtained knowledge into the expert prototype system. The significances and
contributions of the proposed work are expected in: 1) estimate morphological and
biochemical characteristics of urban soils, 2) examine the possibility to detect early soil
response to stress before damage occurs, 3) study the concentration of pollution on
urban soils, 4) design and develop the methodology for a near real-time expert
monitoring system. The present research will focus on spectral identification and
characterization of urban soils toward quality assessment of the urban ecosystem. |
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