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| Titel |
Particle number concentrations over Europe in 2030: the role of emissions and new particle formation |
| VerfasserIn |
L. Ahlm, J. Julin, C. Fountoukis, S. N. Pandis, I. Riipinen |
| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| ISSN |
1680-7316
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| Digitales Dokument |
URL |
| Erschienen |
In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ; 13, no. 20 ; Nr. 13, no. 20 (2013-10-22), S.10271-10283 |
| Datensatznummer |
250085761
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| Publikation (Nr.) |
 copernicus.org/acp-13-10271-2013.pdf |
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| Zusammenfassung |
The aerosol particle number concentration is a key parameter when estimating
impacts of aerosol particles on climate and human health. We use a
three-dimensional chemical transport model with detailed microphysics,
PMCAMx-UF, to simulate particle number concentrations over Europe in the year
2030, by applying emission scenarios for trace gases and primary aerosols.
The scenarios are based on expected changes in anthropogenic emissions of
sulfur dioxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, and primary aerosol particles with
a diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) focusing on a
photochemically active period, and the implications for other seasons are
discussed.
For the baseline scenario, which represents a best estimate of the evolution
of anthropogenic emissions in Europe, PMCAMx-UF predicts that the total
particle number concentration (Ntot) will decrease by 30–70% between
2008 and 2030. The number concentration of particles larger than 100 nm
(N100), a proxy for cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration, is
predicted to decrease by 40–70% during the same period. The predicted
decrease in Ntot is mainly a result of reduced new particle formation
due to the expected reduction in SO2 emissions, whereas the predicted
decrease in N100 is a result of both decreasing condensational growth
and reduced primary aerosol emissions. For larger emission reductions,
PMCAMx-UF predicts reductions of 60–80% in both Ntot and N100
over Europe.
Sensitivity tests reveal that a reduction in SO2 emissions is far more
efficient than any other emission reduction investigated, in reducing
Ntot. For N100, emission reductions of both SO2 and PM2.5
contribute significantly to the reduced concentration, even though SO2
plays the dominant role once more. The impact of SO2 for both new
particle formation and growth over Europe may be expected to be somewhat
higher during the simulated period with high photochemical activity than
during times of the year with less incoming solar radiation.
The predicted reductions in both Ntot and N100 between 2008
and 2030 in this study will likely reduce both the aerosol direct and
indirect effects, and limit the damaging effects of aerosol particles on
human health in Europe. |
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