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Titel |
Urban Greenhouse Gas Emissions Monitoring in Davos, Switzerland, Before, During and After the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2012 |
VerfasserIn |
Gloria Jacobson, Ken Davis, Scott Richardson, Natasha Miles, Thomas Lauvaux, Aijun Deng, Gian-Paul Calonder, Marc Ruesch, Michael Lehning, Andre Bals, Phil DeCola, Chris Rella |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2013
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
Englisch
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 15 (2013) |
Datensatznummer |
250083754
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Zusammenfassung |
Efforts to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions require validation. Atmospheric
measurements capture all emissions, and provide a unique and powerful means of continuous
validation and feedback. To demonstrate the utility of real time greenhouse gas
measurements, in-situ GHG mixing ratio instruments were deployed in Davos,
Switzerland to measure emissions from the city before, during and after the World
Economic Forum (WEF). Three Instruments were deployed at two separate locations
over 3 months (late December 2011 to February 2012). One site was located in the
middle of the Davos urban area and a second site was located out of the valley
in the surrounding mountains. Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Carbon
Monoxide (CO) and water vapor (H2O) were measured continuously by Picarro G2401
instruments at both sites. Additionally, a Picarro flux analyzer was deployed in the city to
evaluate the inverse fluxes. The mesoscale atmospheric model, WRF nudged to
meteorological observations (WRF-FDDA), was used to simulate the transport of
GHG over the valley of Davos at 1.3km resolution. A Mini Micro Pulse LiDAR
(MiniMPL) from Sigma Space was deployed to evaluate the simulated planetary
boundary layer depth from the WRF-FDDA model. The initial flux estimates for
CO2 were constructed based on inventories reported for 2005. CO2 mixing ratio
measurements prior to WEF suggest the difference between modeled (real-time)
and inventory (annual) emissions to be on the order of +40%. The enhancement is
likely due to the increased use of heating fuel in the winter. We present here the
temporal variability in the inverse fluxes, which are correlated with a cold wave
severely affecting Western Europe during the past winter, as well as changes in
anthropogenic activities during the week of the WEF meeting. Also presented are
new analyses of composite diurnal cycles of hourly CO/CO2 ratios, which provide
additional information on the contributions of traffic relative to heating fuel. The
absence of traffic peaks during the WEF meeting, indicate a change in road emissions
potentially responsible for the observed decrease in the city emissions during the
meeting.
Acknowledgments: Calibration tanks were provided by C. Sweeney, NOAA ESRL. |
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