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Titel |
MIPAS observations and GEM-AQ model results of the Australian bush fires of February 2009 |
VerfasserIn |
Norbert Glatthor, Michael Höpfner, Kirill Semeniuk, Alexandru Lupu, Paul Palmer, Jack McConnell, Jacek Kaminski, Thomas von Clarmann, Gabriele Stiller, Bernd Funke, Sylvia Kellmann, Andrea Linden, Andreas Wiegele |
Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2013
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Medientyp |
Artikel
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Sprache |
Englisch
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Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 15 (2013) |
Datensatznummer |
250080251
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Zusammenfassung |
Starting on February 7, 2009, Southeast Australia was devastated by large bush fires, which
burned an area of about 3000 km2 on this day alone. This event was extraordinary, because a
large number of combustion products was transported into the uppermost troposphere and
lower stratosphere within a few days. Various biomass burning products released by
the fire were observed by the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric
Sounding (MIPAS) on the ENVISAT satellite. We tracked the plume using MIPAS
C2H2, HCN and HCOOH single-scan measurements on a day-to-day basis. The
measurements were compared with a high-resolution model run of the Global Environmental
Multiscale-Air Quality (GEM-AQ) model. Generally there is good agreement between
the spatial distribution of measured and modelled pollutants. Both MIPAS and
GEM-AQ show a fast south-eastward transport of the pollutants to New Zealand
within one day. During the following 3-4 days the plume remained north-eastward of
New Zealand and was located at altitudes of 15 to 18 km. Thereafter its lower part
was transported eastward, followed by westward transport of its upper part. On
February 17 the eastern part had reached southern South America and on February 20
the central Southern Atlantic. On the latter day a second relic of the plume was
observed moving eastward above the Southern Pacific. Between February 20 and the
first week of March the upper part of the plume was transported westward over
Australia and the Indian Ocean towards Southern Africa. First evidence for entry
of the pollutants into the stratosphere was found in MIPAS data of February 11,
followed by larger amounts on February 17 and the days thereafter. From MIPAS
data, C2H2/HCN and HCOOH/HCN enhancement ratios of 0.76 and 2.16 were
calculated for the first days after the outbreak of the fires, which are considerably higher
than the emission ratios assumed for the model run and at the upper end of values
found in literature. From the temporal decrease of the enhancement ratios, mean
lifetimes of 16–17 days and of 8–9 days were calculated for measured C2H2 and
HCOOH. The respective lifetimes calculated from the model data are 18 and 12 days. |
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