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| Titel |
Effectiveness of airborne multispectral thermal data for karst groundwater resources recognition in coastal areas |
| VerfasserIn |
Stefano Pignatti, Lorenzo Fusilli, Angelo Palombo, Federico Santini, Simone Pascucci |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2013
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 15 (2013) |
| Datensatznummer |
250079221
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Currently the detection, use and management of groundwater in karst regions can be
considered one of the most significant procedures for solving water scarcity problems
during periods of low rainfall this because groundwater resources from karst aquifers
play a key role in the water supply in karst areas worldwide [1]. In many countries
of the Mediterranean area, where karst is widespread, groundwater resources are
still underexploited, while surface waters are generally preferred [2]. Furthermore,
carbonate aquifers constitute a crucial thermal water resource outside of volcanic
areas, even if there is no detailed and reliable global assessment of thermal water
resources. The composite hydrogeological characteristics of karst, particularly directions
and zones of groundwater distribution, are not up till now adequately explained
[3].
In view of the abovementioned reasons the present study aims at analyzing the detection
capability of high spatial resolution thermal remote sensing of karst water resources in coastal
areas in order to get useful information on the karst springs flow and on different
characteristics of these environments.
To this purpose MIVIS [4, 5] and TASI-600 [6] airborne multispectral thermal imagery
(see sensors’ characteristics in Table 1) acquired on two coastal areas of the Mediterranean
area interested by karst activity, one located in Montenegro and one in Italy, were used. One
study area is located in the Kotor Bay, a winding bay on the Adriatic Sea surrounded by
high mountains in south-western Montenegro and characterized by many subaerial
and submarine coastal springs related to deep karstic channels. The other study
area is located in Santa Cesarea (Italy), encompassing coastal cold springs, the
main local source of high quality water, and also a noticeable thermal groundwater
outflow.
The proposed study shows the preliminary results of the two airborne deployments on
these areas. The preprocessing of the multispectral thermal imagery and the retrieving of
accurate sea surface temperatures (SST) allowed us to detect and identify thermal anomalies
related to coastal and submarine karst springs. In particular, the preprocessing for both
MIVIS and TASI-600 sensors was carried out as follows: (a) radiometric calibration of the
raw data by using the RADCORR software provided by ITRES (Canada) and the
application of a new correction tool for blinking pixel correction, developed by
CNR (Italy); (b) atmospheric compensation of the TIR data by applying the ISAC
(In-Scene Atmospheric Compensation) algorithm [7]; (c) calibration to temperature
by separating temperature and emissivity according to the methods described by
[8].
This study points out that considerable water resources are dispersed into the sea, through
karst springs and such water resources could be effectively protected in artificial
way against the salting sea water influence and exploited for human local uses.
The obtained preliminary results are encouraging, even though suitable integration
approaches also with the classical geophysical investigation techniques have to be
improved for rapid and cost-effective karst groundwater resources detection and
monitoring.
Table 1. Characteristics of sensors used for this study.
 Spectral Region Bands Spectral
Resolution Spectral
Range IFOV Spatial
Resolution
MIVISVNIR-SWIR
LWIR 92
10 90-500 nm
340-540 nm 0.4÷12.7 μm
8.2÷12.7 μm 2.0 mrad3 m
TASI LWIR 32 100 nm 8.0÷11.5 μm 1.2 mrad1 m
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