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| Titel |
Atmospheric transport of persistent organic pollutants to the Arctic, today and in a future climate |
| VerfasserIn |
Mega Octaviani, Irene Stemmler, Gerhard Lammel |
| Konferenz |
EGU General Assembly 2013
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| Medientyp |
Artikel
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| Sprache |
Englisch
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| Digitales Dokument |
PDF |
| Erschienen |
In: GRA - Volume 15 (2013) |
| Datensatznummer |
250077655
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| Zusammenfassung |
| Persistent organic pollutants are of great concern because of their long residence time
and long-range transport potential in the environment and because they are readily
bioaccumulated along food chains and toxic for wildlife and humans.
A multicompartment model is used to study global-scale and long term chemodynamics
of anthropogenic organic substances in the Earth system. Model components are the
atmosphere (ECHAM5) and ocean general circulation models (MPIOM), which include
dynamic sub-models for atmospheric aerosols and the marine biogeochemistry,
two-dimensional surface compartments (topsoil, vegetation surfaces, ice, and temporal
snow cover) and intercompartmental mass exchange process parameterisations
[1-3].
The transports into and out of the Arctic (66Ë N) are characterized for 1950-2000 under
one realisation of present-day climate [4-5] and for 2001-2100 under one realisation of future
climate (greenhouse gas emission scenario A1B of IPCC-AR4).
Despite decaying primary emissions (since decades) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)
and dichlorodimephenyltrichloromethane (DDT) are continuing to accumulate in the Arctic,
which is fed by atmospheric transports. The main regions of import (and export) are identified
and the vertical distribution and seasonalities are characterized. Changes by the end of the
21st century are discussed in the context of a major teleconnection, i.e. the Arctic
Oscillation.
References
[1] Guglielmo F, Lammel G, Maier-Reimer E: Global environmental cycling of DDT and
γ-HCH in the 1980s - a study using a coupled atmosphere and ocean general circulation
model. Chemosphere 76 (2009) 1509–1517
[2] Stemmler I, Lammel G: Cycling of DDT in the global oceans 1950-2002: World
ocean returns the pollutant. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36 (2009) L24602
[3] Hofmann L, Stemmler I, Lammel G: The impact of organochlorines cycling in the
cryosphere on their global distributions and fate – 2. Land ice and temporary snow cover.
Environ. Pollut. 162 (2012) 482-488
[4] Lammel G, Stemmler I: Fractionation and current time trends of PCB congeners:
Evolvement of distributions 1950-2010 studied using a global atmosphere-ocean general
circulation model, Atmos. Chem. Phys. 12 (2012) 7199-7213
[5] Stemmler I., Lammel G.: Long-term trends of continental scale PCB patterns studied
using a global atmosphere-ocean general circulation model, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 19
(2012) 1971-1980 |
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